Harpalycin 2 inhibits the enzymatic and platelet aggregation activities of PrTX-III, a D49 phospholipase A2 from Bothrops pirajai venom

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Marcos H Toyama²  Helena S A Monteiro⁶  Henrique H Gaeta²  Daniela O Toyama¹  Camila L Pires²  Daniel Bristot²  Veronica C G Soares²  Marcelo Z Hernandes³  Marcelo M Rabello³  Edilberto R Silveira⁵  Renata M Araújo⁵  Ticiana P Pereira⁴  Renata S Alves⁴  Rafael M Ximenes⁶ 

[1] Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação 896, São Paulo, SP, 01302-970, Brazil;São Vicente Unit, State University of São Paulo Júlio Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, São Vicente, SP, 11330-900, Brazil;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Av. Arthur de Sá, s/n, Recife, PE, 50740-520, Brazil;Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Rua Capitão Francisco Pedro 1210, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-370, Brazil;Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Campus do Pici, Bloco 940, PO Box 12200, Fortaleza, CE, 60455-760, Brazil;Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo 1127, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-270, Brazil

关键词: Isoflavone;    Harpalyce brasiliana;    Bothrops pirajai;    Phospholipase A₂;    PrTX-III;   

Others  :  1232069
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-12-139

 received in 2012-04-16, accepted in 2012-08-16,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Harpalycin 2 (HP-2) is an isoflavone isolated from the leaves of Harpalyce brasiliana Benth., a snakeroot found in northeast region of Brazil and used in folk medicine to treat snakebite. Its leaves are said to be anti-inflammatory. Secretory phospholipases A₂ are important toxins found in snake venom and are structurally related to those found in inflammatory conditions in mammals, as in arthritis and atherosclerosis, and for this reason can be valuable tools for searching new anti-phospholipase A₂ drugs.

Methods

HP-2 and piratoxin-III (PrTX-III) were purified through chromatographic techniques. The effect of HP-2 in the enzymatic activity of PrTX-III was carried out using 4-nitro-3-octanoyloxy-benzoic acid as the substrate. PrTX-III induced platelet aggregation was inhibited by HP-2 when compared to aristolochic acid and p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB). In an attempt to elucidate how HP-2 interacts with PrTX-III, mass spectrometry, circular dichroism and intrinsic fluorescence analysis were performed. Docking scores of the ligands (HP-2, aristolochic acid and p-BPB) using PrTX-III as target were also calculated.

Results

HP-2 inhibited the enzymatic activity of PrTX-III (IC₅₀ 11.34 ± 0.28 μg/mL) although it did not form a stable chemical complex in the active site, since mass spectrometry measurements showed no difference between native (13,837.34 Da) and HP-2 treated PrTX-III (13,856.12 Da). A structural analysis of PrTX-III after treatment with HP-2 showed a decrease in dimerization and a slight protein unfolding. In the platelet aggregation assay, HP-2 previously incubated with PrTX-III inhibited the aggregation when compared with untreated protein. PrTX-III chemical treated with aristolochic acid and p-BPB, two standard PLA₂ inhibitors, showed low inhibitory effects when compared with the HP-2 treatment. Docking scores corroborated these results, showing higher affinity of HP-2 for the PrTX-III target (PDB code: 1GMZ) than aristolochic acid and p-BPB. HP-2 previous incubated with the platelets inhibits the aggregation induced by untreated PrTX-III as well as arachidonic acid.

Conclusion

HP-2 changes the structure of PrTX-III, inhibiting the enzymatic activity of this enzyme. In addition, PrTX-III platelet aggregant activity was inhibited by treatment with HP-2, p-BPB and aristolochic acid, and these results were corroborated by docking scores.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Ximenes et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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