N-acetylcysteine does not prevent contrast nephropathy in patients with renal impairment undergoing emergency CT: a randomized study

BMC Nephrology

Pierre-Yves Martin³  Patrick Saudan³  Thomas Perneger²  Christoph D Becker¹  François Sarasin⁴  Elise Dupuis-Lozeron²  Sophie De Seigneux³  Alexandra Platon¹  Pierre-Alexandre Poletti¹ 

[1]Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

[2]Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

[3]Service of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine specialties, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

[4]Service of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

关键词: Nephrotoxicity;    N-acetylcysteine;    Emergency medicine;    Contrast media;    Computerized Tomography;   

Others  :  1082920
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2369-14-119

 received in 2012-11-06, accepted in 2013-05-09,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Patients admitted to the emergency room with renal impairment and undergoing a contrast computed tomography (CT) are at high risk of developing contrast nephropathy as emergency precludes sufficient hydration prior to contrast use. The value of an ultra-high dose of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in this setting is unknown.

Methods

From 2008 to 2010, we randomized 120 consecutive patients admitted to the emergency room with an estimated clearance lower than 60 ml/min/1.73 m² by MDRD (mean GFR 42 ml/min/1.73 m²) to either placebo or 6000 mg N-acetylcysteine iv one hour before contrast CT in addition to iv saline. Serum cystatin C and creatinine were measured one hour prior to and at day 2, 4 and 10 after contrast injection. Nephrotoxicity was defined either as 25% or 44 μmol/l increase in serum creatinine or cystatin C levels compared to baseline values.

Results

Contrast nephrotoxicity occurred in 22% of patients who received placebo (13/58) and 27% of patients who received N-acetylcysteine (14/52, p = 0.66). Ultra-high dose intravenous N-acetylcysteine did not alter creatinine or cystatin C levels. No secondary effects were noted within the 2 groups during follow-up.

Conclusions

An ultra-high dose of intravenous N-acetylcysteine is ineffective at preventing nephrotoxicity in patients with renal impairment undergoing emergency contrast CT.

Trial registration

The study was registered as Clinical trial (NCT01467154).

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Poletti et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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