On-treatment mortality predictors in chronic hepatitis B patients experiencing severe acute exacerbation: a prospective observational study

BMC Research Notes

Chau-Ting Yeh²  Ming-Yang Chang³  Chao-Wei Hsu¹  Yi-Cheng Chen¹ 

[1] Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Liver Research Unit, Division of Hepatology, Taipei, Taiwan;Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 199, Tung Hwa North Road, Taipei, Taiwan;Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

关键词: Estimated glomerular filtration rate;    Alpha-fetoprotein;    Chronic hepatitis B;    Severe acute exacerbation;   

Others  :  1141751
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-6-349

 received in 2013-07-25, accepted in 2013-08-29,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Severe acute exacerbation in chronic hepatitis B could lead to mortality in some patients unless timely liver transplantation is performed. The baseline bilirubin level has been reported to be an important prognostic factor for mortality. Here we conducted a prospective observational study to examine the clinical performance of this predictor.

Method

Twenty-one consecutive chronic hepatitis B patients experiencing severe acute exacerbation were treated with either telbivudine or entecavir. The clinical characteristics at baseline and week-2 were documented and correlated with mortality.

Results

Of the 21 patients included, 9 had baseline bilirubin >10 mg/dL. Four of these 9 patients (44.4%) eventually died, whereas all other patients survived. During the initial 2-week period, the change of bilirubin was −1.2 mg/dl in the survivors, but was +8.05 mg/dl in the mortalities (P = 0.009). When this on-treatment factor was combined, 5 of the 21 patients had baseline bilirubin > 10 mg/dL plus an increase of bilirubin level at week-2. Of these 5 patients, 4 (80%) died. Thus, by combining the baseline and on-treatment bilirubin levels, a positive predictive value of 80% and a negative predictive value of 100% could be achieved. Other significant on-treatment mortality predictors (at week-2) included higher international normalized ratio of prothrombin time (2.75 vs. 1.3, P = 0.004), higher model for end-stage liver disease score (30 vs. 17, P = 0.006), lower alpha-fetoprotein level (36.3 vs. 459.6 ng/mL, P = 0.039), and more rapid deterioration of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P = 0.008). Interestingly, during the course, deterioration of eGFR was statistically significant in entecavir-treated (P = 0.028), but not in telbivudine-treated patients. Additionally, the patients treated with telbivudine had significant increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein (27.9 to 191.9 ng/ml, P = 0.046) in the first 2 weeks, whereas the corresponding feature was not found in those treated with entecavir (P = 0.139).

Conclusions

In this prospective observational study, we discovered that the baseline and on-treatment bilirubin levels should be combined to achieve a better predictive value. Telbivudine might have a renoprotective effect in addition to its efficacy in viral suppression in patients with severe acute exacerbation.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Chen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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