Compartmental analysis of metals in waterpipe smoking technique

BMC Public Health

Stephanie Sdepanian¹  Adi J Said³  Akeel T Al-Kazwini² 

[1]Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan

[2]Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Applied Medical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman 11180, Jordan

[3]Scientific Research Centre, Applied Science Sector, Royal Scientific Society, Amman, Jordan

关键词: Smoking machine;    Filtering;    Tobacco;    Metals;    Moassel;    Waterpipe;   

Others  :  1128627
DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-015-1373-6

 received in 2014-05-22, accepted in 2015-01-07,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

The number of waterpipe tobacco smokers has been increasing worldwide. Smokers can be exposed to a number of toxicants, some of which are metals. The aim of this study is to quantitatively determine if the water filtration stage of the waterpipe smoking process successfully decreases exposure to Bi, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and U.

Methods

Four samples of commercially available tobacco (Moassel) were compared in terms of the total amount of metal contained within the fresh tobacco sample and the amount of metal distributed into each compartment of the waterpipe after a smoking session.

Results

For all metals analysed, the concentration of metal ‘filtered’ out during the water bubbling stage is around 3% (±1%) of the total metal.

Conclusions

It can be concluded that this small fraction would not protect the user against exposure to the majority of the potentially toxic metals.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Al-Kazwini et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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