Horizontally acquired divergent O-antigen contributes to escape from cross-immunity in the classical bordetellae

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Eric T Harvill⁵  Andrew Preston⁴  Heather A Feaga²  Laura L Goodfield³  Jihye Park¹  Sara E Hester² 

[1] Graduate Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA;Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA;Graduate Program in Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA;Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK;Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, W-210 Millennium Science Complex, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

关键词: Bordetella;    Recombination;    GC content;    Selective advantage;    Horizontal gene transfer;    O-antigen;   

Others  :  1085899
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2148-13-209

 received in 2013-04-22, accepted in 2013-09-13,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) allows for rapid spread of genetic material between species, increasing genetic and phenotypic diversity. Although HGT contributes to adaptation and is widespread in many bacteria, others show little HGT. This study builds on previous work to analyze the evolutionary mechanisms contributing to variation within the locus encoding a prominent antigen of the classical bordetellae.

Results

We observed amongst classical bordetellae discrete regions of the lipopolysaccharide O-antigen locus with higher sequence diversity than the genome average. Regions of this locus had less than 50% sequence similarity, low dN/dS ratios and lower GC content compared to the genome average. Additionally, phylogenetic tree topologies based on genome-wide SNPs were incongruent with those based on genes within these variable regions, suggesting portions of the O-antigen locus may have been horizontally transferred. Furthermore, several predicted recombination breakpoints correspond with the ends of these variable regions. To examine the evolutionary forces that might have selected for this rare example of HGT in bordetellae, we compared in vitro and in vivo phenotypes associated with different O-antigen types. Antibodies against O1- and O2-serotypes were poorly cross-reactive, and did not efficiently kill or mediate clearance of alternative O-type bacteria, while a distinct and poorly immunogenic O-antigen offered no protection against colonization.

Conclusions

This study suggests that O-antigen variation was introduced to the classical bordetellae via HGT through recombination. Additionally, genetic variation may be maintained within the O-antigen locus because it can provide escape from immunity to different O-antigen types, potentially allowing for the circulation of different Bordetella strains within the same host population.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Hester et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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