Clinical characteristics in schizophrenia patients with or without suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm - a cross-sectional study

BMC Psychiatry

Lars Mehlum⁴  Ingrid Melle²  Ole A Andreassen²  Steinar Lorentzen²  Nils E Steen²  Elizabeth A Barrett¹  Jill M Harkavy-Friedman⁵  Fredrik A Walby³  Erlend Mork¹ 

[1] Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway;Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway;National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 21, 0372 Oslo, Norway;American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, New York, USA

关键词: Depression;    Risk factor;    Schizoaffective;    Schizophrenia;    Self-harm;    Non-suicidal self-harm;    Suicide attempt;   

Others  :  1123939
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-13-255

 received in 2013-03-22, accepted in 2013-10-03,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

To investigate whether schizophrenia patients with both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm have earlier age of onset of psychotic and depressive symptoms and higher levels of clinical symptoms compared to patients with only suicide attempts or without suicide attempt.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional design, 251 patients (18–61 years old, 58% men) with schizophrenia treated at hospitals in Oslo and Innlandet Hospital Trust, Norway, were assessed with a comprehensive clinical research protocol and divided into three groups based on their history of suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm.

Results

Suicide attempts were present in 88 patients (35%); 52 had suicide attempts only (29%) and 36 had both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm (14%). When compared with nonattempters and those with suicide attempts without non-suicidal self-harm, patients with both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm were more frequently women, younger at the onset of psychotic symptoms, had longer duration of untreated psychosis, and had higher levels of current impulsivity/aggression and depression. Patients with both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm were more likely to repeat suicide attempts than patients with suicide attempts only.

Conclusions

Patients with both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm had different illness history and clinical characteristics compared to patients with only suicide attempts or patients without suicidal behavior. Our study suggests that patients with both suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm represent a distinct subgroup among patients with schizophrenia and suicidal behavior with their early onset of psychotic symptoms, high rate of repeated suicidal behavior and significant treatment delay.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Mork et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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