Chewing areca nut increases the risk of coronary artery disease in taiwanese men: a case-control study

BMC Public Health

Wen-Ter Lai⁸  Sheng-Hsiung Sheu⁸  Ying-Chin Ko⁴  Tsai-Hui Duh⁶  Kai-Hung Cheng⁸  Po-Chao Hsu⁸  Ho-Ming Su⁷  Tsung-Hsien Lin⁸  Yi-Ting Chen²  Chih-Sheng Chu⁸  Hsueh-Wei Yen⁸  Ye-Hsu Lu⁸  Chien-Hung Lee³  Kun-Tai Lee⁸  Guei-Jane Wang¹  Ming-Tsang Wu⁵  Wei-Chung Tsai⁷ 

[1] National Research Institute of Chinese, Taipei, Taiwan;Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Center of Excellence for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Center of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hisao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

关键词: Atherosclerosis;    Coronary artery disease;    Areca nut;   

Others  :  1163813
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-12-162

 received in 2011-10-09, accepted in 2012-03-07,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Areca nut chewing has been reported to be associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and cardiovascular mortality in previous studies. The aim of this study was to examine whether chewing areca nut increases the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Taiwanese men.

Methods

This study is a hospital-based case-control study. The case patients were male patients diagnosed in Taiwan between 1996 and 2009 as having a positive Treadmill exercise test or a positive finding on the Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging. The case patients were further evaluated by coronary angiography to confirm their CAD. Obstructive CAD was defined as a ≥ 50% decrease in the luminal diameter of one major coronary artery. The patients who did not fulfill the above criteria of obstructive CAD were excluded.

The potential controls were males who visited the same hospital for health check-ups and had a normal electrocardiogram but no history of ischemic heart disease or CAD during the time period that the case patients were diagnosed. The eligible controls were randomly selected and frequency-matched with the case patients based on age. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the odds ratio of areca nut chewing and the risk of obstructive CAD.

Results

A total of 293 obstructive CAD patients and 720 healthy controls, all men, were analyzed. Subjects who chewed areca nut had a 3.5-fold increased risk (95% CI = 2.0-6.2) of having obstructive CAD than those without, after adjusting for other significant covariates. The dose-response relationship of chewing areca nut and the risk of obstructive CAD was also noted. After adjusting for other covariates, the 2-way additive interactions for obstructive CAD risk were also significant between areca nut use and cigarette smoking, hypertension and dyslipidemia.

Conclusions

Long-term areca nut chewing was an independent risk factor of obstructive CAD in Taiwanese men. Interactive effects between chewing areca nut and cigarette smoking, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were also observed for CAD risk. Further exploration of their underlying mechanisms is necessary.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Tsai et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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