Brazilian red propolis: phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and effect against cancer cells

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Francisco Stefânio Barreto²  Abhishek Parolia⁴  Irinaldo Diniz Basílio-Júnior¹  Aldenir Feitosa dos Santos³  Kristiana Cerqueira Mousinho³  Rodolfo Elleson dos Santos Arruda¹  José Marcos dos Santos Oliveira¹  Naiana Soares de Souza¹  Ticiano Gomes do Nascimento¹  Isabel Cristina Celerino de Moraes Porto³  Izabel Cristina Gomes de Mendonça³ 

[1] School of Nursing and Pharmacy, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, University City, Maceió 57072-970 , AL, Brazil;Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LOE), Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo 1127, Fortaleza, 60430-270, CE, Brazil;School of Dentistry, Cesmac University Center, Rua Cônego Machado, 918, Farol, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil;School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia

关键词: Cytotoxic activity;    Antioxidant activity;    Phenolic compounds;    Red propolis;   

Others  :  1233300
DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0888-9

 received in 2015-03-23, accepted in 2015-10-02,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

The implementation of new public healthcare models that stimulate the use of natural products from traditional medicine, as a so-called integrated medicine, refers to an approach that use best of both conventional medicine and traditional medicine. Propolis is a widely used natural product by different ancient cultures and known to exhibit biological activities beneficial for health. The large number of studies conducted with propolis had shown that its chemical composition differs as a function of the climate, plant diversity and bee species and plays an important role on its therapeutic properties. The aim of this study was to analyse the phytochemical profile of the ethanolic extract of red propolis (EEP) and its fractionation, antioxidant action of EEP and its fractions hexane, cloroform and ethyl acetate and cytotoxic activity of EEP on human tumour cell lines SF-295 (glioblastoma), OVCAR-8 (ovary) and HCT-116 (colon).

Methods

EEP was obtained by maceration with absolute ethanol, then it was concentrated in rotaevaporator up to complete evaporation of the solvent. The crude extract was fractionated with hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol and they were subjected to phytochemical screening and total phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activity of EEP and fractions was done by means of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Biomarkers of red propolis were identified by LC-Orbitrap-FTMS. To assess cytotoxic activity of the extract, cells were exposed to EEP over 72 h. Cell viability was assessed by means of MTT assay. The percentage of cell growth inhibition (IC ₅₀ ) was analysed by means of non-linear regression, and the absorbance values of the various investigated concentrations were subjected to one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s or Tamhane’s tests (α = 0.05).

Results

The results obtained using phytochemical screening and LC-Orbitrap-FTMS indicated the presence of phlobaphene tannins, catechins, chalcones, aurones, flavonones, flavonols, xanthones, pentacyclic triterpenoids and guttiferones in Brazilian red propolis. EEP and its hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions obtained by liquid-liquid partitioning exhibited satisfactory antioxidant percentages. EEP (IC ₅₀  < 34.27 μg/mL) exhibited high levels of cytotoxicity on all human tumour cell lines tested when compared to negative control.

Conclusions

C-Orbitrap-FTMS was useful to establish the chemical profile of the red propolis. Brazilian red propolis has antioxidant properties and decreases substantially the percentage of cell survival of human tumour cells; thus, it has potential to serve as an anticancer drug.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 de Mendonça et al.

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1.

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