Spatial patterns of the congenital heart disease prevalence among 0- to 14-year-old children in Sichuan Basin, P. R China, from 2004 to 2009

BMC Public Health

Xu Ma¹  Jin-Feng Wang²  Zuo-Qi Peng¹  Yuan-Yuan Wang¹  Zhou-Peng Ren²  Jun Zhao¹  Li-Guang Ma¹ 

[1] National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China;State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China

关键词: Sichuan Basin;    Hot-spot analysis;    Spatial autocorrelation;    Hierarchical Bayesian model(HB);    Congenital heart disease(CHD);   

Others  :  1129483
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-14-595

 received in 2013-09-15, accepted in 2014-05-15,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of major birth defects in Sichuan, the most populous province in China. The detailed etiology of CHD is unknown but some environmental factors are suspected as the cause of this disease. However, the geographical variations in CHD prevalence would be highly valuable in providing a clue on the role of the environment in CHD etiology. Here, we investigate the spatial patterns and geographic differences in CHD prevalence among 0- to 14-year-old children, discuss the possible environmental risk factors that might be associated with CHD prevalence in Sichuan Basin from 2004 to 2009.

Methods

The hierarchical Bayesian model was used to estimate CHD prevalence at the township level. Spatial autocorrelation statistics were performed, and a hot-spot analysis with different distance thresholds was used to identify the spatial pattern of CHD prevalence. Distribution and clustering maps were drawn using geographic information system tools.

Results

CHD prevalence was significantly clustered in Sichuan Basin in different spatial scale. Typical hot/cold clusters were identified, and possible CHD causes were discussed. The association between selected hypothetical environmental factors of maternal exposure and CHD prevalence was evaluated.

Conclusions

The largest hot-spot clustering phenomena and the CHD prevalence clustering trend among 0- to 14-year-old children in the study area showed a plausibly close similarity with those observed in the Tuojiang River Basin. The high ecological risk of heavy metal(Cd, As, and Pb)sediments in the middle and lower streams of the Tuojiang River watershed and ammonia–nitrogen pollution may have contribution to the high prevalence of CHD in this area.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Ma et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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