The prevalence of opportunistic infections and malignancies in autopsied patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Japan

BMC Infectious Diseases

Akira Yasuoka¹  Seiji Okada^1,12  Hideki Hasegawa^1,10  Shinichi Oka³  Aikichi Iwamoto⁸  Tomohiko Koibuchi^1,11  Takuma Shirasaka⁵  Tomoko Uehira⁵  Yoshimi Kikuchi³  Junko Tanuma³  Katsuji Teruya³  Atsushi Ajisawa⁹  Toru Igari⁶  Sohtaro Mine⁶  Yasunori Ota²  Naoki Oyaizu²  Yoshinori Kodama⁷  Makoto Mochizuki⁴  Tsunekazu Hishima^1,13  Harutaka Katano^1,10 

[1] Oomura City Municipal Hospital, 133-2 Kogashima-cho, Omura City, Nagasaki 865-8561, Japan;Department of Pathology, Research Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;Department of Pathology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka City, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan;Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0006, Japan;Department of Pathology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;Department of Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0006, Japan;Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan;Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan;Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan;Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan

关键词: Antiretroviral therapy;    Autopsy;    Opportunistic infections;    AIDS;   

Others  :  1133972
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2334-14-229

 received in 2013-10-17, accepted in 2014-04-25,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Opportunistic infections and malignancies such as malignant lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma are significant complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, following the introduction of antiretroviral therapy in Japan in 1997, the incidence of clinical complications has decreased. In the present study, autopsy cases of HIV infection in Japan were retrospectively investigated to reveal the prevalence of opportunistic infections and malignancies.

Methods

A total of 225 autopsy cases of HIV infection identified at 4 Japanese hospitals from 1985–2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data were collected from patient medical records.

Results

Mean CD4 counts of patients were 77.0 cells/μL in patients who received any antiretroviral therapy during their lives (ART (+) patients) and 39.6 cells/μL in naïve patients (ART (−) patients). Cytomegalovirus infection (142 cases, 63.1%) and pneumocystis pneumonia (66 cases, 29.3%) were the most frequent opportunistic infections, and their prevalence was significantly lower in ART (+) patients than ART (−) patients. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma were observed in 30.1% and 16.2% of ART (−) patients, and 37.9% and 15.2% of ART (+) patients, respectively. Malignant lymphoma was the most frequent cause of death, followed by cytomegalovirus infection regardless of ART. Non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining cancers such as liver and lung cancer caused death more frequently in ART (+) patients (9.1%) than in ART (−) patients (1.5%; P = 0.026).

Conclusions

The prevalence of infectious diseases and malignancies were revealed in autopsy cases of HIV infection in Japan. The prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection and pneumocystis pneumonia at autopsy were lower in ART (+) patients than ART (−) patients. Higher prevalence of non-AIDS defining malignancies among ART (+) patients than ART (−) patients suggests that onsets of various opportunistic infections and malignancies should be carefully monitored regardless of whether the patient is receiving ART.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Katano et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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