Time perspective as a predictor of smoking status: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Surveys in Scotland, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia

BMC Public Health

Yuan Jiang¹  Maizurah Omar⁹  Mary E Thompson⁶  Hua-Hie Yong^1,10  Martina Pötschke-Langer⁴  Ute Mons⁴  François Beck⁵  Romain Guignard⁸  Peter A Hall³  Geoffrey T Fong⁷  Genevieve Sansone² 

[1] National Tobacco Control Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xuan Wu District, Beijing, 100050, P.R. China;Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;Unit Cancer Prevention and WHO-Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany;Cermes3 - Cesames team (Research Centre Medicine, Sciences, Health, Mental Health, Health Policy), CNRS UMR 8211, Inserm U988, University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EHESS, Paris, France;Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada;Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, MaRS Centre, South Tower, 101 College Street, Suite 800, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada;Institut National de Prévention et d’Education pour la Santé (INPES), 42 Boulevard de la Liberation, SAINT-DENIS cedex, 93 203, France;Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM Pulau Pinang, 11800, Malaysia;The Cancer Council Victoria, 100 Drummond St., Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia

关键词: International;    Smoking status;    Smoking;    Tobacco;    Future orientation;    Time perspective;   

Others  :  1162334
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-13-346

 received in 2012-07-03, accepted in 2013-04-09,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Prior studies have demonstrated that time perspective—the propensity to consider short-versus long-term consequences of one’s actions—is a potentially important predictor of health-related behaviors, including smoking. However, most prior studies have been conducted within single high-income countries. The aim of this study was to examine whether time perspective was associated with the likelihood of being a smoker or non-smoker across five countries that vary in smoking behavior and strength of tobacco control policies.

Methods

The data were from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Surveys in five countries with large probability samples of both smokers (N=10,341) and non-smokers (N=4,955): Scotland, France, Germany, China, and Malaysia. The surveys were conducted between 2005–2008. Survey respondents indicated their smoking status (smoker vs. non-smoker) and time perspective (future oriented vs. not future-oriented) and provided demographic information.

Results

Across all five countries, non-smokers were significantly more likely to be future-oriented (66%) than were smokers (57%), χ²(1, N = 15,244) = 120.64, p < .001. This bivariate relationship between time perspective and smoking status held in a multivariate analysis. After controlling for country, age, sex, income, education, and ethnicity (language in France), those who were future-oriented had 36% greater odds of being a non-smoker than a smoker (95% CI: 1.22 to 1.51, p<.001).

Conclusion

These findings establish time perspective as an important predictor of smoking status across multiple countries and suggest the potential value of incorporating material to enhance future orientation in smoking cessation interventions.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Sansone et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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