The effect of interactive cognitive-motor training in reducing fall risk in older people: a systematic review

BMC Geriatrics

Eling D de Bruin¹  Stephen R Lord²  Trinidad Valenzuela³  Daniel Schoene² 

[1] Centre for Evidence Based Physiotherapy, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands;School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, Australia;Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile

关键词: Attention;    Executive function;    Cognition;    Fear of falling;    Gait;    Balance;    Exercise;    Interactive cognitive-motor training;    Aged;    Accidental falls;   

Others  :  1089941
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2318-14-107

 received in 2014-05-12, accepted in 2014-09-11,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

It is well-known physical exercise programs can reduce falls in older people. Recently, several studies have evaluated interactive cognitive-motor training that combines cognitive and gross motor physical exercise components. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the effects of these interactive cognitive-motor interventions on fall risk in older people.

Methods

Studies were identified with searches of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from their inception up to 31 December 2013. Criteria for inclusion were a) at least one treatment arm that contained an interactive cognitive-motor intervention component; b) a minimum age of 60 or a mean age of 65 years; c) reported falls or at least one physical, psychological or cognitive fall risk factor as an outcome measure; d) published in Dutch, English or German. Single case studies and robot-assisted training interventions were excluded. Due to the diversity of populations included, outcome measures and heterogeneity in study designs, no meta-analyses were conducted.

Results

Thirty-seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Reporting and methodological quality were often poor and sample sizes were mostly small. One pilot study found balance board training reduced falls and most studies reported training improved physical (e.g. balance and strength) and cognitive (e.g. attention, executive function) measures. Inconsistent results were found for psychological measures related to falls-efficacy. Very few between-group differences were evident when interactive cognitive-motor interventions were compared to traditional training programs.

Conclusions

The review findings provide preliminary evidence that interactive cognitive-motor interventions can improve physical and cognitive fall risk factors in older people, but that the effect of such interventions on falls has not been definitively demonstrated. Interactive cognitive-motor interventions appear to be of equivalent efficacy in ameliorating fall risk as traditional training programs. However, as most studies have methodological limitations, larger, high-quality trials are needed.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Schoene et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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