A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of dietary supplement use by military personnel

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Harris R Lieberman¹  Krista G Austin⁴  Emily K Farina¹  Sally S Hoedebecke³  Ryan A Steelman⁴  Joseph J Knapik² 

[1] US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA;Research Physiologist, ORISE Knowledge Preservation Fellow, USARIEM, 42 Kansas Street, Natick, MA, USA;Serenity Hill Nutrition, Street, MD, USA;Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, USA

关键词: Sport drink;    Creatine;    Protein;    Iron;    Calcium;    Vitamin E;    Vitamin C;    Multivitamins;    Minerals;    Vitamins;   

Others  :  1220177
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6882-14-143

 received in 2013-10-23, accepted in 2014-04-25,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Although a number of studies have been conducted on the prevalence of dietary supplement (DS) use in military personnel, these investigations have not been previously summarized. This article provides a systematic literature review of this topic.

Methods

Literature databases, reference lists, and other sources were searched to find studies that quantitatively examined the prevalence of DS use in uniformed military groups. Prevalence data were summarized by gender and military service. Where there were at least two investigations, meta-analysis was performed using a random model and homogeneity of the prevalence values was assessed.

Results

The prevalence of any DS use for Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps men was 55%, 60%, 60%, and 61%, respectively; for women corresponding values were 65%, 71%, 76%, and 71%, respectively. Prevalence of multivitamin and/or multimineral (MVM) use for Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps men was 32%, 46%, 47%, and 41%, respectively; for women corresponding values were 40%, 55%, 63%, and 53%, respectively. Use prevalence of any individual vitamin or mineral supplement for Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps men was 18%, 27%, 25%, and 24%, respectively; for women corresponding values were 29%, 36%, 40%, and 33%, respectively. Men in elite military groups (Navy Special Operations, Army Rangers, and Army Special Forces) had a use prevalence of 76% for any DS and 37% for MVM, although individual studies were not homogenous. Among Army men, Army women, and elite military men, use prevalence of Vitamin C was 15% for all three groups; for Vitamin E, use prevalence was 8%, 7%, and 9%, respectively; for sport drinks, use prevalence was 22%, 25% and 39%, respectively. Use prevalence of herbal supplements was generally low compared to vitamins, minerals, and sport drinks, ≤5% in most investigations.

Conclusions

Compared to men, military women had a higher use prevalence of any DS and MVM. Army men and women tended to use DSs and MVM less than other service members. Elite military men appeared to use DSs and sport drinks more than other service members.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Knapik et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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