Cophylogenetic relationships between Anicetus parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and their scale insect hosts (Hemiptera: Coccidae)

BMC Evolutionary Biology

Yan-Zhou Zhang²  San-An Wu³  Yves Desdevises⁴  Marco Gebiola¹  Hai-Bin Li³  Fang Yu²  Jun Deng³ 

[1] Department of Entomology, The University of Arizona, 410 Forbes Building, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;CNRS, UMR 7232, Integrative Biology of Marine Organisms, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650 Banyuls/Mer, France

关键词: 28S-D2;    COI;    Speciation;    Sorting;    Host-parasitoid interactions;   

Others  :  858167
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2148-13-275

 received in 2013-09-25, accepted in 2013-12-18,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Numerous studies have investigated cospeciation between parasites and their hosts, but there have been few studies concerning parasitoids and insect hosts. The high diversity and host specialization observed in Anicetus species suggest that speciation and adaptive radiation might take place with species diversification in scale insect hosts. Here we examined the evolutionary history of the association between Anicetus species and their scale insect hosts via distance-based and tree-based methods.

Results

A total of 94 Anicetus individuals (nine parasitoid species) and 113 scale insect individuals (seven host species) from 14 provinces in China were collected in the present study. DNA sequence data from a mitochondrial gene (COI) and a nuclear ribosomal gene (28S D2 region) were used to reconstruct the phylogenies of Anicetus species and their hosts. The distance-based analysis showed a significant fit between Anicetus species and their hosts, but tree-based analyses suggested that this significant signal could be observed only when the cost of host-switching was high, indicating the presence of parasite sorting on related host species.

Conclusions

This study, based on extensive rearing of parasitoids and species identification, provides strong evidence for a prevalence of sorting events and high host specificity in the genus Anicetus, offering insights into the diversification process of Anicetus species parasitizing scale insects.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Deng et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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