Two different pathways of phosphatidylcholine synthesis, the Kennedy Pathway and the Lands Cycle, differentially regulate cellular triacylglycerol storage

BMC Cell Biology

Christoph Thiele³  Christer S Ejsing¹  Michael Hoch³  Andrej Shevchenko²  Julia Philippou-Massier²  Almut Steinhagen³  Kristina Klizaite³  Christine Moessinger² 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark;Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, Dresden, D-01307, Germany;Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, Bonn, 53115, Germany

关键词: Drosophila melanogaster;    Lipid droplets;    Acyl transferase;    Lysophosphatidylcholine;   

Others  :  1088697
DOI  :  10.1186/s12860-014-0043-3

 received in 2014-02-19, accepted in 2014-11-17,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Lipids are stored within cells in lipid droplets (LDs). They consist of a core of neutral lipids surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids, predominantly phosphatidylcholine (PC). LDs are very dynamic and can rapidly change in size upon lipid uptake or release. These dynamics require a fast adaptation of LD surface. We have recently shown that two Lands cycle PC synthesizing enyzmes, LPCAT1 and LPCAT2 can localize to the LD surface.

Results

Here, we show that knock-down of both enzymes leads to an increase in LD size without changes in the total amount of neutral lipids, while interference with the de-novo Kennedy pathway PC biosynthesis is associated with changes in triacylglyceride synthesis. We show that function of LPCAT1 and 2 is conserved in Drosophila melanogaster by the ortholog CG32699. Furthermore we demonstrate that modulation of the LD pool by LPCAT1 influences the release of lipoprotein from liver cells.

Conclusion

Activity of the Kennedy pathway regulates the balance between phospholipids and neutral lipids, while the Lands cycle regulates lipid droplet size by regulating surface availability and influencing surface to volume ratio. Differences in lipid droplet size may account for differences in lipid dynamics and be relevant to understand lipid overload diseases.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Moessinger et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

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