Declining HIV-1 prevalence and incidence among Police Officers – a potential cohort for HIV vaccine trials, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

BMC Public Health

Eric Sandstrom¹  Bo Hejdeman¹  Said Aboud³  Eric Aris²  Mohamed Janabi²  Muhammad Bakari⁴  Patricia J Munseri¹ 

[1] Venhalsan Sodersjukhuset ,Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania;Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania;Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Box 65001, Tanzania

关键词: Tanzania;    Cohort for vaccine trials;    Prevalence;    Incidence;    HIV;   

Others  :  1161960
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-13-722

 received in 2012-11-06, accepted in 2013-08-01,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

A safe effective and affordable HIV vaccine is the most cost effective way to prevent HIV infection worldwide. Current studies of HIV prevalence and incidence are needed to determine potentially suitable cohorts for vaccine studies. The prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 infection among the police in Dar es Salaam in 1996 were 13.8% and 19.6/1000 PYAR respectively. This study aimed at determining the current prevalence and incidence of HIV in a police cohort 10 years after a similar study was conducted.

Methods

Police officers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania were prospectively enrolled into the study from 2005 and followed-up in an incidence study three years later. HIV infection was determined by two sequential enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in the prevalence study and discordant results between two ELISAs were resolved by a Western blot assay. Rapid HIV assays (SD Bioline and Determine) were used for the incidence study.

Results

A total of 1,240 police participated in the HIV prevalence study from August 2005 to November 2008. Of these, 1101 joined the study from August 2005-September 2007 and an additional 139 were recruited between October 2007 to November 2008 while conducting the incidence study. A total of 726 (70%) out of the 1043 eligible police participated in the incidence study.

The overall HIV-1 prevalence was 65/1240 (5.2%). Females had a non-statistically significant higher prevalence of HIV infection compared to males 19/253, (7.5%) vs. 46/987 (4.7%) respectively (p = 0.07). The overall incidence of HIV-1 was 8.4 per 1000 PYAR (95% CI 4.68-14.03), and by gender was 8.8 and 6.9 per 1000 PYAR, among males and females respectively, (p = 0.82).

Conclusions

The HIV prevalence and incidence among the studied police has declined over the past 10 years, and therefore this cohort is better suited for phase I/II HIV vaccine studies than for efficacy trials.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Munseri et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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