Selective photoinactivation of Candida albicans in the non-vertebrate host infection model Galleria mellonella

BMC Microbiology

Eleftherios Mylonakis⁴  Michael R Hamblin³  George P Tegos³  Antonio OC Jorge⁶  Beth B Fuchs⁴  Yan Wang¹  Juliana C Junqueira⁶  Xiaojiang Tan²  Caetano P Sabino⁷  José Chibebe Junior⁵ 

[1] School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China;Huiqiao Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People’s Republic of China;Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pindamonhangaba, Pindamonhangaba, SP 12422970, Brazil;Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Univ Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP 12245000, Brazil;Center for Lasers and Applications, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, São Paulo, SP 05508000, Brazil

关键词: Galleria mellonella;    Photodynamic therapy;    Candida albicans;   

Others  :  1143003
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2180-13-217

 received in 2013-04-18, accepted in 2013-09-17,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Candida spp. are recognized as a primary agent of severe fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, and are the fourth most common cause of bloodstream infections. Our study explores treatment with photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an innovative antimicrobial technology that employs a nontoxic dye, termed a photosensitizer (PS), followed by irradiation with harmless visible light. After photoactivation, the PS produces either singlet oxygen or other reactive oxygen species (ROS) that primarily react with the pathogen cell wall, promoting permeabilization of the membrane and cell death. The emergence of antifungal-resistant Candida strains has motivated the study of antimicrobial PDT (aPDT) as an alternative treatment of these infections. We employed the invertebrate wax moth Galleria mellonella as an in vivo model to study the effects of aPDT against C. albicans infection. The effects of aPDT combined with conventional antifungal drugs were also evaluated in G. mellonella.

Results

We verified that methylene blue-mediated aPDT prolonged the survival of C. albicans infected G. mellonella larvae. The fungal burden of G. mellonella hemolymph was reduced after aPDT in infected larvae. A fluconazole-resistant C. albicans strain was used to test the combination of aPDT and fluconazole. Administration of fluconazole either before or after exposing the larvae to aPDT significantly prolonged the survival of the larvae compared to either treatment alone.

Conclusions

G. mellonella is a useful in vivo model to evaluate aPDT as a treatment regimen for Candida infections. The data suggests that combined aPDT and antifungal therapy could be an alternative approach to antifungal-resistant Candida strains.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Chibebe Junior et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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