Growth differentiation Factor 11 is an encephalic regionalizing factor in neural differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells

BMC Research Notes

Luc Leyns¹  Marijke Hendrickx²  Nele Vanbekbergen¹ 

[1] Department of Biology, Lab for Cell Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 2 Pleinlaan, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;Present address: The Belgian Scientific Institute for Public Health (WIV-ISP), Communicable and infectious diseases, Mycology and aerobiology, 14 J. Wytsmanstraat, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

关键词: GDF11;    Brain patterning;    Mouse ES cells;   

Others  :  1125795
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-7-766

 received in 2014-02-13, accepted in 2014-10-14,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The central nervous system has a complex structural organization and consists of different subdomains along the antero-posterior axis. However, questions remain about the molecular mechanisms leading to the regionalization of this organ. We used a previously developed methodology to identify the novel patterning role of GDF11, a TGF-β signaling factor.

Findings

Using an assay based on neural differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells, GDF11 is shown to induce diencephalic (posterior forebrain), mesencephalic (midbrain) and metencephalic (anterior hindbrain) fates at the expense of telencephalic (anterior forebrain) specification. GDF11 has not previously been implicated in the early patterning of the nervous system. In addition, inhibition of the TGF-β type I receptors Alk4, Alk5 and Alk7 by the pharmacological inhibitor SB431542 caused a strong anteriorization of the cells.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that GDF11 is involved in the earliest steps of the brain patterning during neurogenesis in the vertebrate embryo and is shown to be a regionalizing factor of the regional fate in the developing brain. This regionalization is not a typical posteriorizing signal as seen with retinoic acid, FGF or BMP molecules. To our knowledge, this is the first time that GDF11 is implicated in the earliest steps of the patterning of the neural plate.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Vanbekbergen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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