Oral HPV infection in a clinic-based sample of Hispanic men

BMC Oral Health

Ana P Ortiz⁴  Magaly Martínez-Ferrer¹  María M Sánchez-Vazquez²  Kathleen Nieves⁷  Manuel E Rivera⁷  Keysha Reyes⁵  Lizbeth M Del Toro-Mejías⁶  Valerie Quiñones-Avila³  Vivian Colon-López³ 

[1] Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico;University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico;Department of Health Services Administration, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico;Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico;Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico;UPR/MDACC: Partnership for Excellence in Cancer Research Program, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico;Río Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico

关键词: Puerto Rico;    STI/STD clinic;    High-risk men;    Epidemiology;    Oral HPV infection;   

Others  :  1121483
DOI  :  10.1186/1472-6831-14-7

 received in 2013-09-20, accepted in 2014-01-09,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated to the pathogenesis of various cancers, such as oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, which has a high incidence in Puerto Rican men. Despite the burden of oral cancer in Puerto Rico, little is known about the epidemiology of oral HPV infection, particularly in high-risk men. Therefore, this study is aimed at determining the prevalence of oral HPV infection, the genotype distribution and correlates associated with oral HPV infection in men of at least 16 years of age attending a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic in Puerto Rico.

Methods

A cross-sectional study consisting of 205 men was conducted. Participants provided a 30-second oral rinse and gargle with mouthwash. Following DNA extraction, HPV genotyping was performed in all samples using Innogenetics Line Price Assay (INNO-LiPA). A questionnaire was administered, which included a demographic, behavioral and a clinical assessment. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used to characterize the study sample. Variables that achieved statistical significance in the bivariate analysis (p < 0.05) were assessed in multivariate logistic regression models.

Results

The mean age of the study sample was 38.5 ± 14.2 years. Oral HPV prevalence among men was 20.0% (95.0%CI = 14.8%-26.1%) and of HPV type 16 was 2.4% (95.0%CI = 0.8%-5.6%). Oral HPV prevalence significantly increased over increasing age categories (p-trend = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that oral HPV was independently associated with number of sexual partners (adjusted OR = 1.02; 95%CI = 1.01-1.03) and lifetime use of cigarettes (adjusted OR = 3.00; 95%CI = 0.98-9.16).

Conclusions

Oral HPV among the sampled men in the STI clinic was high, regardless of the HIV status or sexual behavior. Interventions in STI clinics should include screening for HPV in the oral cavity for the early detection and reduction of long-term consequences of oral HPV infection, such as oropharyngeal cancer.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Colon-López et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Suarez TP, Kelly JA, Pinkerton SD, et al.: Influence of a partner’s HIV serostatus, use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and viral load on perceptions of sexual risk behavior in a community sample of men who have sex with men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001, 28(Suppl 5):471-477.
• [2]Pagliusi S: Vaccines against Human Papillomavirus: World Health Organization. Retrieved March 25, 2013 from the World Wide Web: http://www.who.int/vaccines/en/hpvrd.shtml webcite
• [3]Gillison ML, Koch WM, Capone RB, et al.: Evidence for a causal association between human papillomavirus and a subset of head and neck cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009, 92(Suppl 9):709-720.
• [4]Chatervedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, et al.: Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Oncol 2008., 29Doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.36.4596
• [5]Blomberg M, Nielsen A, Munk , et al.: Trends in head and neck cancer incidence in Denmark, 1978–2007: focus on human papillomavirus associated sites. Int J Cancer 2011, 129:733-741.
• [6]Chatervedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, et al.: Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Oncol 2011., 2910.1200/JCO.2011.36.4596
• [7]Auluck A, Hislop G, Bajdik C, et al.: Trends in oropharyngeal and oral cavity cancer incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related and HPV-unrelated sites in a multicultural population: the British Columbia experience. Cancer 2010, 116:2635-2644.
• [8]Doobaree IU, Landis SH, Linklater KM, et al.: Head and neck cancer in south east England between 1995–1999 and 2000–2004: an estimation of incidence and distribution by site, state and histological type. Oral Oncol 2009, 45:809-814.
• [9]Braakhuis BJM, Visser O, Leemans R: Oral and oropharyngeal cancer in the Netherlands between 1989 and, increasing incidence, but not in young adults. Oral Oncol 2009, 45(9):e85-e89.
• [10]Parisi SG, Cruciani M, Scaggiante R, et al.: Anal and oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in HIV-infected subjects in northern Italy: a longitudinal cohort study among men who have sex with men. BMC Infect Dis 2011, 11:150.
• [11]Gillison ML, D’ Souza G, Westra W: Distinct risk factor profiles for human papillomavirus type 16-positive and human papillomavirus type 16-negative head and neck cancers. JNCI 2008, 100:1-14.
• [12]Bosch FX, Broker TR, Forman D, et al.: Comprehensive control of HPV infections and related diseases. Vaccine 2013, 30(7):H1-H31.
• [13]Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, Franceschi S: Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005, 14(Suppl 2):467-475.
• [14]Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Anderson WF, et al.: Incidence trends for human papillomavirus-related and -unrelated oral squamous cell carcinomas in the United States. J Clin Oncol 2008, 26:612-619.
• [15]Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK, Devesa SS, Fraumeni JF: Cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx. In Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. Edited by Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JFJr. New York: Oxford University Press; 1996:666-680.
• [16]Edwards BK, Brown ML, Wingo PA, et al.: Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer 1975–2002, featuring population-based trends in cancer treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005, 97:1407-1427.
• [17]Gillison ML, Broutian T, Pickard RK, et al.: Prevalence of oral HPV infection in the United States, 2009–2010. JAMA 2012, 307(Suppl 7):693-703.
• [18]Lu B, Viscidi R, Lee J, et al.: Human papillomavirus (HPV) 6,11, 16, and 18 Seroprevalence is associated with sexual practice and age: results from the multinational HPV infection in men study. Canc Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011, 20(Suppl 5):990-1002.
• [19]Sirera G, Videla S, Piñol M, et al.: High prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in the anus, penis and mouth in HIV positive men. Australian Federation of AIDS Organizations 2006, 20(Suppl 8):1201-1204.
• [20]Kreimer AR, Alberg AJ, Daniel R, et al.: Oral human papillomavirus infection in adults is associated with sexual behavior and HIV serostatus. JID 2004, 189(4):686-698.
• [21]Chaturvedi AK: Beyond cervical cancer: burden of other HPV-related cancers among men and women. J Adolesc Helth 2010, 46(Suppl 4):S20-S26.
• [22]Lowy DR, Schiller JT: Reducing HPV-associated cancer globally. Cancer Prev Res 2012, 5(Suppl 1):18-23.
• [23]Petti S: Lifestyle risk factors for oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2009, 45(Suppl 4–5):340-350.
• [24]Hayes RB, Bravo-Otero E, Kleinman DV, et al.: Tobacco and alcohol use and oral cancer in Puerto Rico. Cancer Causes Control 1999, 10(Suppl 1):27-33.
• [25]Day GL, Blot WJ, Austin DF, Bernstein L, et al.: Racial differences in risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer: alcohol, tobacco, and other determinants. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993, 85(Suppl 6):465-473.
• [26]Suárez E, Calo WA, Hernández EY, et al.: Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Puerto Rico and among Non-Hispanics whites, Non-Hispanic blacks, and Hispanics in the USA. BMC Cancer 2009, 9:129.
• [27]Figueroa-Vallés NR, Ortiz-Ortiz KJ, Pérez-Ríos N, Villanueva-Rosa E, Traverso-Ortiz M, Torres-Cintrón CR: Suárez-Ramos T (eds): Cancer in Puerto Rico, 2005–2009. San Juan, PR: Puerto Rico Central Cancer Registry; 2012.
• [28]Alonso I, Felix A, Torné A, et al.: Human papillomavirus as a favorable prognostic biomarker in squamous cell carcinomas of the vagina. Gynecol Oncol 2012, 125(Suppl 1):194-199.
• [29]Szostek S, Klimek M, Zawilinska B, et al.: Genotype-specific human papillomavirus detection in cervical smears. Acta Biochim Pol 2008, 55(Suppl 4):687-692.
• [30]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): HPV Rinse 2009–2010. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes_09_10/HPV.pdf webcite]
• [31]Beachler DC, Weber KM, Margolick JB: Risk factors for oral HPV infection among a high prevalence population of HIV-positive and at-risk HIV-negative adults. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012, 21(Suppl1):122-133.
• [32]Goldstone S, Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, et al.: Prevalence of and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among HIV-seronegative men who have sex with men. J Infect Dis 2011, 203(Suppl 1):66-74.
• [33]Kreimer AR, Villa A, Nyitray AG, et al.: The epidemiology of oral HPV infection among a multinational sample of healthy men. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011, 20(Suppl 1):172-182.
• [34]Mooij SH, Boot HJ, Speksnijder AG, et al.: Oral human papillomavirus infection in HIV-negative and HIV-infected men who have sex with men: The HIV & HPV in MSM (H2M) study. AIDS 2013.
• [35]Read TR, Hocking JS, Vodstrcil LA, et al.: Oral human papillomavirus in men having sex with men: risk-factors and sampling. PLoS One 2012, 7(Suppl 11):e49324.
• [36]Parisi SG, Cruciani M, Scaggiante R, et al.: Anal and oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in HIV-infected subjects in northern Italy: a longitudinal cohort study among men who have sex with men. BMC Infect Dis 2011, 11:150-2334-11-150.
• [37]García-Piñeres AJ, Hildesheim A, Herrero R, et al.: Persistent human papillomavirus infection is associated with a generalized decrease in immune responsiveness in older women. Cancer Res 2006, 66(Suppl 22):11070-11076.
• [38]Castle PE, Schiffman M, Herrero R, et al.: A prospective study of age trends in cervical human papillomavirus acquisition and persistence in Guanacaste. Costa Rica. J Infect Dis 2005, 191(Suppl 11):1808-1816.
• [39]Proia NK, Paszkiewicz GM, Nacsa MA, et al.: Smoking and smokeless tobacco-associated human buccal cell mutations and their association with oral cancer-a review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006, 15:1061-1077.
• [40]Mishra A, Verma P, Marathe N, Srivastava D: Study of the Profile of Patients with STDs Attending an STD Clinic in J.A.H., Gwalior. Indian J Community Med 2008, 33(Suppl 4):263-264.
• [41]Reddy P, Meyer-Weitz A, Van den Borne B, Kok G: STD-related knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of Xhosa-speaking patients attending STD primary health-care clinics in South Africa. Int J STD AIDS 1999, 10(Suppl 6):392-400.