The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of 25 plant species used traditionally to treat pain in southern African

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Jacobus N. Eloff³  Leshweni J. Shai¹  Jean P. Dzoyem²  Salmon A. Adebayo¹ 

[1] Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon;Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa

关键词: Peltophorum africanum;    Nitric oxide;    15-lipoxygenase;    Medicinal plants;    Anti-inflammatory;   

Others  :  1210266
DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0669-5

 received in 2014-09-07, accepted in 2015-05-13,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Inflammation is a common risk factor in the pathogenesis of conditions such as infections, arthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and cancer. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used traditionally to treat inflammation and related disorders such as pain, arthritis and stomach aches in southern Africa led to the selection of 25 plant species used in this study.

Methods

The antioxidant activities of acetone extracts were determined by measuring the free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing ability, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were determined by measuring the inhibitory effect of the extracts on the activities of the pro-inflammatory enzyme, lipoxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Results

Extracts of Peltophorum africanum had good antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values of 4.67 ± 0.31 μg/mL and 7.71 ± 0.36 μg/mL compared to that of the positive control ascorbic acid (2.92 ± 0.14 μg/mL and 13.57 ± 0.44 μg/mL), using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods, respectively. The metabolism of linoleic acid to leukotriene derivatives by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) was also inhibited by the crude acetone extracts of Peltophorum africanum (IC₅₀ = 12.42 μg/mL), Zanthoxylum capense (IC₅₀ = 14.92 μg/mL) compared to the positive control quercetin (IC₅₀ = 8.75 μg/mL). There was a poor correlation between the flavonoid content and 15-LOX inhibition by the extracts (R² = 0.05), indicating that flavonoids are not involved in LOX inhibition. Extracts of Clausena anisata, at a concentration of 6.25 μg/mL inhibited nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines in vitro by 96 %. The extracts of Zanthoxylum capense were the least cytotoxic (IC₅₀ > 1000 μg/mL) when the extract toxicity was determined against Vero (African green Monkey) kidney cell lines.

Conclusion

Some plant species used traditionally to treat pain have reasonable anti-inflammatory activity and flavonoids are probably not involved in this process.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Adebayo et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

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