Effects of gender, age, family support, and treatment on perceived stress and coping of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

BioPsychoSocial Medicine

Yoriko Hara³  Mizuho Hisatomi⁵  Hisao Ito²  Motoyuki Nakao⁴  Koji Tsuboi¹  Yoko Ishihara⁴ 

[1] Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan

[2] Ito Internal Medicine Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan

[3] School of Nursing, Kurume University, Higashikushiharamachi 777-1, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0003, Japan

[4] Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan

[5] Tanushimaru Central-clinic, Fukuoka, Japan

关键词: Spouse;    Gender;    Stress Coping Inventory;    Type 2 diabetes mellitus;    Appraisal of Diabetes Scale;   

Others  :  1082322
DOI  :  10.1186/1751-0759-8-16

 received in 2014-04-01, accepted in 2014-07-11,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

We previously found that the empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can be strongly affected by gender and age in addition to self-managed diet and exercise behaviors and treatment. This study was to examine the effects of gender, age, family support, and treatment on the perceived stress and coping of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus living with family.

Methods

A survey was conducted of 140 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were living with family. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between male and female. Perceived stress and coping were measured with the Japanese version of the Appraisal of Diabetes Scale and the Lazarus Type Stress Coping Inventory. Stepwise regression analysis and path analysis were performed to identify factors that affect the perceived stress and coping of patients.

Results

(1) Perceived stress and coping were strongly affected by gender. (2) Perceived stress and coping were affected by age for males, but perceived stress was not affected by age for females. However, females showed a greater “psychological impact of diabetes” than did males. Females aged between 50 and 69 years engaged in active problem solving, but awareness of diabetes was low. (3) Treatment regimens had an effect on HbA1c for both sexes, and diet therapy affected the awareness of diabetes of males and coping of females. (4) For females, “sense of self-control” was strongly associated with coping, and those who were living with non-spouse family members had a greater psychological impact of diabetes than those living with only their spouse. (5) For males, coping was strongly affected by living with their spouse.

Conclusions

The results suggest that perceived stress, coping, and diet regimen are deeply associated with gender and age and that a male with type 2 diabetes mellitus living with his spouse is strongly dependent on support from the spouse. It is important to take into account gender, age, and family environment to provide patients with an individualized approach to addressing perceived stress and to provide education program for coping that can maximize treatment and maintain better, continuous glycemic control.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Hara et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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