Sex differences in substance use, health, and social functioning among opioid users receiving methadone treatment: a multicenter cohort study

Biology of Sex Differences

Monica Bawor²  Brittany B. Dennis¹  Michael Varenbut⁷  Jeff Daiter⁷  David C. Marsh⁴  Carolyn Plater⁷  Andrew Worster³  Meir Steiner⁵  Rebecca Anglin⁵  Guillaume Pare¹  Dipika Desai⁶  Lehana Thabane¹  Zainab Samaan⁵ 

[1] Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

[2] Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

[3] Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

[4] Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian Campus, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada

[5] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

[6] Population Genomics Program, Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

[7] Canadian Addiction Treatment Centres (CATC), Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada

关键词: Women’s health;    Sex differences;    Methadone maintenance treatment;    Opioid addiction;    Substance use disorders;   

Others  :  1232376
DOI  :  10.1186/s13293-015-0038-6

 received in 2015-06-27, accepted in 2015-10-05,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Despite the growing numbers of men and women with opioid use disorder in Canada, sex-specific issues in treatment have not been re-examined in the current population of patients with opioid addiction. We aimed to evaluate sex differences in substance use, health, and social functioning among men and women currently receiving methadone treatment for opioid use disorder in Ontario, Canada.

Methods

We recruited 503 participants with opioid dependence disorder receiving methadone maintenance treatment. We collected data on demographics, treatment characteristics, psychiatric history, addiction severity, and drug use patterns through urinalysis. We performed adjusted univariate analyses and logistic regression to identify distinct factors affecting men and women.

Results

Among our sample of 54 % (n = 266) men and 46 % women (n = 226) with mean age 38.3 years, less than half of participants were employed (35.6 %) and married (31.8 %) and had completed a high school education (27.9 %). Compared to men, women had frequent physical and psychological health problems, family history of psychiatric illness, and childcare responsibilities and began using opioids through a physician prescription. Men had higher rates of employment, cigarette smoking, and cannabis use compared to women.

Conclusions

Our results have revealed different patterns of substance use, health, and social functioning among men and women currently receiving methadone treatment for opioid addiction in Ontario, Canada. This information can be used to develop an integrative treatment regimen that caters to the individual needs of men and women, as well as to inform methadone treatment protocols to include specialized services (including vocational counseling, childcare and parenting assistance, medical assistance, relationship or domestic violence counseling, etc.) and increase their availability and accessibility on a larger scale.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Bawor et al.

【 图 表 】

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