Sex differences in opioid analgesia and addiction: interactions among opioid receptors and estrogen receptors

Molecular Pain

Ing-Kang Ho¹  Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lee² 

[1] Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan;China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

关键词: Estrogen receptors;    Opioid receptors;    Opioid addiction;    Opioid analgesia;    Sex differences;   

Others  :  862269
DOI  :  10.1186/1744-8069-9-45

 received in 2013-06-04, accepted in 2013-09-03,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Opioids are widely used as the pain reliever and also notorious for being addictive drugs. Sex differences in the opioid analgesia and addiction have been reported and investigated in human subjects and animal models. Yet, the molecular mechanism underlying the differences between males and females is still unclear. Here, we reviewed the literature describing the sex differences in analgesic responses and addiction liabilities to clinically relevant opioids. The reported interactions among opioids, estrogens, opioid receptors, and estrogen receptors are also evaluated. We postulate that the sex differences partly originated from the crosstalk among the estrogen and opioid receptors when stimulated by the exogenous opioids, possibly through common secondary messengers and the downstream gene transcriptional regulators.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Lee and Ho; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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