Recovery time after intra-abdominal transmitter placement for telemetric (neuro) physiological measurement in freely moving common marmosets (Callitrix jacchus)

Animal Biotelemetry

Jaco Bakker³  Rianne Klomp³  Milene WM Rijnbeek²  Saskia S Arndt²  Ingrid HCHM Philippens¹  Jan AM Langermans³ 

[1] Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, Rijswijk GJ 2288, The Netherlands

[2] Department of Animals in Science & Society, Division of Animal Welfare & Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

[3] Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, Rijswijk GJ 2288, The Netherlands

关键词: Recovery period;    Locomotor capacity;    Intra-abdominal transmitter;    Electrodes;    Common marmoset;   

Others  :  790398
DOI  :  10.1186/2050-3385-2-10

 received in 2014-01-17, accepted in 2014-05-16,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Telemetry is very important for monitoring physiological functions in awake and freely moving laboratory animals. Although implantable transmitters reduce stress resulting from daily handling and restraint, the procedure requires invasive surgery, which affects behaviour and wellbeing of animals. This aspect is important in cases in which behaviour is used as one of the read-out parameters for studying the progression of a disease and/or the effects of a treatment over time. In mice, implantation of telemetric devices shows changes in body weight, locomotor and eating behaviour, and grooming and immobility activities. In contrast to mice, no specific research has been reported in larger animals. Therefore, effect on motor activity, health status and bodyweight after surgical placement of intra-abdominal transmitter, electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes and electromyogram (EMG) electrodes in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were assessed. Two behavioural test systems for locomotor function were used: the Hourglass test to measure the time a monkey needs to return to its normal upright position, and the Tower test to measure jumping behaviour. Additionally, health status and bodyweight were monitored daily from 2 weeks pre surgery until 49 days post surgery.

Results

Compared to baseline values, the surgery or the physical presence of the transmitter caused an increase in time needed to achieve an upright position in the Hourglass test. Recovery to baseline values was observed within 8 days post surgery. For the Tower test, the total number of jumps decreased by 80% directly after surgery. Fifteen days after surgery, the number of jumps normalised, which paralleled an increase in body weight after a 15-day period of body weight decline. By day 31, body weight had normalised to baseline level.

Conclusions

The data from our study show that the surgery led to decreased motor activity, disturbed health status and loss of body weight in the common marmoset. Full recovery, as assessed by reaching all preoperation values, was reached 31 days after surgery. These data are important to optimise the design of future studies utilising these implantable transmitters.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Bakker et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Gauvin DV, Tilley LP, Smith FW Jr, Baird TJ: Electrocardiogram, hemodynamics, and core body temperatures of the normal freely moving laboratory beagle dog by remote radiotelemetry. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2006, 53:128-139.
• [2]Kramer K, van Acker SA, Voss HP, Grimbergen JA, van der Vijgh WJ, Bast A: Use of telemetry to record electrocardiogram and heart rate in freely moving mice. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 1993, 30:209-215.
• [3]Lange J, Brockway B, Azar S: Telemetric monitoring of laboratory animals: an advanced technique that has come of age. Lab Anim 1991, 20:28-33.
• [4]van Acker SA, Kramer K, Voest EE, Grimbergen JA, Zhang J, van der Vijgh WJ, Bast A: Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity monitored by ECG in freely moving mice. A new model to test potential protectors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1996, 38:95-101.
• [5]Authier S, Haefner P, Fournier S, Troncy E, Moon LB: Combined cardiopulmonary assessments with implantable telemetry device in conscious freely moving cynomolgus monkeys. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2010, 62:6-11.
• [6]Gauvin DV, Tilley LP, Smith FW Jr, Baird TJ: Electrocardiogram, hemodynamics, and core body temperatures of the normal freely moving cynomolgus monkey by remote radiotelemetry. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2006, 53:140-151.
• [7]Schnell CR, Wood JM: Measurement of blood pressure and heart rate by telemetry in conscious unrestrained marmosets. Lab Anim 1995, 29:258-261.
• [8]Crofts HS, Wilson S, Muggleton NG, Nutt DJ, Scott EA, Pearce PC: Investigation of the sleep electrocorticogram of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) using radiotelemetry. Clin Neurophysiol 2001, 112:2265-2273.
• [9]Pearce PC, Crofts HS, Muggleton NG, Scott EA: Concurrent monitoring of EEG and performance in the common marmoset: a methodological approach. Physiol Behav 1998, 63:591-599.
• [10]Philippens IH, Vanwersch RA: Neurofeedback training on sensorimotor rhythm in marmoset monkeys. Neuroreport 2010, 21:328-332.
• [11]Verhave PS, Jongsma MJ, Van den Berg RM, Vis JC, Vanwersch RA, Smit AB, Van Someren EJ, Philippens IH: REM sleep behavior disorder in the marmoset MPTP model of early Parkinson disease. Sleep 2011, 34:1119-1125.
• [12]Baumans V, Bouwknecht JA, Boere H, Kramer K, van Lith HA, van de Weerd HA, van Herck H: Intra-Abdominal Transmitter Implantation in Mice: Effects on Behaviour and Body Weight. Anim Welf 2001, 10:291-302.
• [13]Mills PA, Huetteman DA, Brockway BP, Zwiers LM, Gelsema AJ, Schwartz RS, Kramer K: A new method for measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, and activity in the mouse by radiotelemetry. J Appl Physiol 2000, 88:1537-1544.
• [14]Philippens IH, Wubben JA, Finsen B, BA t H: Oral treatment with the NADPH oxidase antagonist apocynin mitigates clinical and pathological features of parkinsonism in the MPTP marmoset model. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2013, 8:715-726.
• [15]Kramer K, Kinter L, Brockway BP, Voss HP, Remie R, Van Zutphen BL: The use of radiotelemetry in small laboratory animals: recent advances. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 2001, 40:8-16.
• [16]Kramer K, Kinter LB: Evaluation and applications of radiotelemetry in small laboratory animals. Physiol Genomics 2003, 13:197-205.
• [17]Post-operative Weight Loss Br Med J 1955, 1:212-213.
• [18]Beaugerie L, Carbonnel F, Carrat F, Rached AA, Maslo C, Gendre JP, Rozenbaum W, Cosnes J: Factors of weight loss in patients with HIV and chronic diarrhea. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1998, 19:34-39.
• [19]Bergogne-Berezin E: Treatment and prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000, 16:521-526.
• [20]Hogenauer C, Hammer HF, Krejs GJ, Reisinger EC: Mechanisms and management of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 1998, 27:702-710.
• [21]McFarland LV: Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Dig Dis 1998, 16:292-307.
• [22]Turck D, Bernet JP, Marx J, Kempf H, Giard P, Walbaum O, Lacombe A, Rembert F, Toursel F, Bernasconi P, Gottrand F, McFarland V, Bloch K: Incidence and risk factors of oral antibiotic-associated diarrhea in an outpatient pediatric population. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2003, 37:22-26.
• [23]Munana KR: Update: seizure management in small animal practice. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013, 43:1127-1147.
• [24]Bastlund JF, Jennum P, Mohapel P, Vogel V, Watson WP: Measurement of cortical and hippocampal epileptiform activity in freely moving rats by means of implantable radiotelemetry. J Neurosci Methods 2004, 138:65-72.
• [25]de Araujo FM, Zheng A, Sedigh-Sarvestani M, Lumley L, Lichtenstein S, Yourick D: Analyzing large data sets acquired through telemetry from rats exposed to organophosphorous compounds: an EEG study. J Neurosci Methods 2009, 184:176-183.
• [26]Mumford H, Wetherell JR: A simple method for measuring EEG in freely moving guinea pigs. J Neurosci Methods 2001, 107:125-130.
• [27]Jagessar KL, Jain C: Functional and molecular analysis of Escherichia coli strains lacking multiple DEAD-box helicases. RNA 2010, 16:1386-1392.
• [28]Stevenson MF, Poole TB: An ethogram of the common marmoset (Calithrix jacchus jacchus): general behavioural repertoire. Anim Behav 1976, 24:428-451.
• [29]Verhave PS, Vanwersch RA, van Helden HP, Smit AB, Philippens IH: Two new test methods to quantify motor deficits in a marmoset model for Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2009, 200:214-219.
• [30]Martens DJ, Whishaw IQ, Miklyaeva EI, Pellis SM: Spatio-temporal impairments in limb and body movements during righting in an hemiparkinsonian rat analogue: relevance to axial apraxia in humans. Brain Res 1996, 733:253-262.
• [31]Team RDC: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. In Book R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, 3.0.1 (2013-05-16) edition. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; http://www.R-project.org/; webcite 2012. ISBN 3-900051-07-0