Biocatalysis for biomass valorization

Sustainable Chemical Processes

Joyeeta Mukherjee²  Munishwar Nath Gupta¹ 

[1] Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India

[2] Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India

关键词: Enzymes in low water media;    Catalytic promiscuity;    Biotransformation;    Biocatalysis;    Polysaccharide degradation;    Biofuels;   

Others  :  1216786
DOI  :  10.1186/s40508-015-0037-2

 received in 2015-03-20, accepted in 2015-06-09,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Biocatalysis is a more sustainable alternative to chemical catalysis. While trying to obtain value added products from a biomass, looking beyond lignocelluloses (e.g.: marine polysaccharides, plant gums) may pay dividend. Many waste materials can be looked upon as a source of oil. Oil can be a rich source of diverse types of chemicals apart from biodiesel. Similarly, glycerol, the common by-product during biodiesel production, irrespective of the oil used, itself is the starting material of many products. Biocatalysis already is a viable option for the biodiesel formation step and may have a greater potential scope in glycerol chemistry. The ways to obtain the necessary biocatalysts and tailoring a given biocatalyst for a particular activity in the context of biomass valorization are discussed.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Mukherjee and Gupta.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Schmid A, Dordick JS, Hauer B, Kiener A, Wubbolts M, Witholt B: Industrial biocatalysis: today and tomorrow. Nature 2001, 409:258-268.
• [2]Malhotra D, Mukherjee J, Gupta MN: Sustainability of biocatalytic processes. In Chemical process technology for a sustainable future. Edited by Letcher TM, Scott JL, Patterson DA. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge; 2015:390-423.
• [3]Glazer AN, Nikaido H: Microbial biotechnology: fundamentals of applied microbiology. Freeman and Co., New York; 1995.
• [4]Wood WA, Kellogg ST: Biomass, methods in enzymology. Academic press Inc., New York; 1988.
• [5]Bajpai P: Biotechnology for paper and pulp processing. Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, New York; 2012.
• [6]Metzger JO, Eissen M: Concepts on the contribution of chemistry to a sustainable development. Renewable raw materials. C R Chemie 2004, 7:569-581.
• [7]Rosenthal A, Pyle DL, Niranjan K: Aqueous enzymatic processes for edible oil extraction. Enzyme Microb Technol 1996, 19:402-420.
• [8]Sharma A, Khare SK, Gupta MN: Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of peanut oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2002, 79:215-218.
• [9]Wettstein SG, Alonso DM, Gurbuz EI, Dumesic JA: A roadmap for conversion of lignocellulosics biomass to chemicals and fuels. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2012, 1:218-224.
• [10]Shah S, Gupta MN: Lipase catalyzed preparation of biodiesel from Jatropha oil in a solvent free system. Process Biochem 2007, 42:409-414.
• [11]Koh MY, Ghazi ITM: A review of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas L oil. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2011, 15:2240-2251.
• [12]Malhotra D, Mukherjee J, Gupta MN: Lipase catalyzed transesterification of castor oil by straight chain higher alcohols. J Biosci Bioeng 2015, 119:280-283.
• [13]Veljković VB, Lakićević SH, Stamenković OH, Todorović ZB, Lazic ML: Biodiesel production from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seed oil with a high content of free fatty acids. Fuel 2006, 85:2671-2675.
• [14]Kondamudi N, Strull N, Misra M, Mohaptra S: A green process for biodiesel from feather meal. J Agric Food Chem 2009, 57:6163-6166.
• [15]Encinar JM, Snchez N, Martnez G, Garcia L: Study of biodiesel production from animal fats with high free fatty acid content. Bioresour Technol 2011, 102:10907-10914.
• [16]Banerjee A, Singh V, Solanki K, Mukherjee J, Gupta MN: Combi-protein coated microcrystals of lipases for production of biodiesel from oil from spent coffee grounds. Sust Chem Processes 2013, 1:14. BioMed Central Full Text
• [17]Shimada Y, Watanabe Y, Sugihara A, Tominaga Y: Enzymatic alcoholysis for biodiesel fuel production and application of the reaction to oil processing. J Mol Catal B Enzym 2002, 17:133-142.
• [18]Torres S, Castro GR: Non-aqueous biocatalysis in homogeneous solvent systems. Food Technol Biotechnol 2004, 42:271-277.
• [19]Diaz-Alvarez AE, Francos J, Lastra-Barreira B, Crochet P, Cadierno V: Glycerol and derived solvents: new sustainable reaction media for organic synthesis. Chem Commun 2011, 47:6208-6227.
• [20]Len C, Luque R: Continuous flow transformations of glycerol to valuable products: an overview. Sust Chem Processes 2014, 2:1. BioMed Central Full Text
• [21]Canabarro N, Soares JF, Anchieta CG, Kelling CS, Mazutti MA: Thermochemical processes for biofuels production from biomass. Sust Chem Processes 2013, 1:22. BioMed Central Full Text
• [22]Hu Q, Sommerfield M, Jarvis E, Girardi M, Posewitz M, Siebert M, et al.: Microalgal triacylglycerols as feedstocks for biofuel production: perspectives and advances. Plant J 2008, 54:621-639.
• [23]Mata TM, Martins AA, Caetano NS: Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: a review. Renew Sust Energy Rev 2010, 14:217-232.
• [24]Chuck CJ, Wagner JL, Jenkins RW: Biofuels from microalgae. In Chemical process technology for a sustainable future. Edited by Letcher TM, Scott JL, Patterson DA. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge; 2015:425-442.
• [25]Alabi AO, Tampier M, Bibeau E: Microalgae technologies and processes for biofuels/bioenergy production in british Columbia: current technology, suitability and barriers to implementation. British Columbia Innovation Council, Victoria; 2009.
• [26]Sheehan J, Dunahay T, Benemann J, Roessler P: A look back at the US department of energy’s aquatic species program-biodiesel from algae. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado; 1998.
• [27]Luque R, Clark JH: Valorisation of food residues: waste to wealth using green chemical technologies. Sust Chem Processes 2013, 1:10. BioMed Central Full Text
• [28]Karmee S, Lin C: Valorisation of food waste to biofuel: current trends and technological challenges. Sust Chem Processes 2014, 2:22. BioMed Central Full Text
• [29]Narayana B, Kumar CS, Sashima T, Maeda H, Hasokawa M, Miyashita K: Composition, functionality and potential applications of seaweed lipids. In Biocatalysis and bioenergy. Edited by Hou CT, Shaw JF. Wiley and Sons Inc., New Jersey; 2008:463-490.
• [30]Clark EB: Protein refolding for industrial processes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2001, 12:202-207.
• [31]Mukherjee J, Gupta MN: Paradigm shifts in our views on inclusion bodies. Curr Biochem Eng 2015, 2:1-9.
• [32]Torrelo G, Hanefeld U, Hollmann F: Biocatalysis. Catal Lett 2015, 145:309-345.
• [33]Hanefeld U, Gardossi L, Magner E: Understanding enzyme immobilization. Chem Soc Rev 2009, 38:453-468.
• [34]Leak DJ, Feng X, Emanuelsson EAC: Enzyme biotransformations and reactors. In Chemical process technology for a sustainable future. Edited by Letcher TM, Scott JL, Patterson DA. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge; 2015:320-346.
• [35]Purich DL: Enzyme kinetics: catalysis and control. Academic, London; 2010.
• [36]Halling PJ, Gupta MN: Measurement and reporting of data in applied biocatalysis. Perspect Sci 2014, 1:98-109.
• [37]Halling PJ: Salt hydrates for water activity control with biocatalysts in organic media. Biotechnol Tech 1992, 6:271-276.
• [38]Vulfson EN, Halling PJ, Holland HL: Enzymes in nonaqueous solvents: methods and protocol. Humana Press, New Jersey; 2001.
• [39]Tringe SG, Rubin EM: Metagenomics: DNA sequencing of environmental samples. Nat Rev Genet 2005, 6:805-814.
• [40]Arnold FH, Georgiou G: Directed evolution screening and selection methods. Humana Press, Towota; 2003.
• [41]Goldsmith M, Tawfik DS: Directed enzyme evolution: beyond the low-hanging fruit. Curr Opin Struc Biol 2012, 22:406-412.
• [42]Porter JL, Boon PL, Murray TP, Huber T, Collyer CA, Ollis DL: Directed evolution of new and improved enzyme functions using an evolutionary intermediate and multidirectional search. ACS Chem Biol 2015, 10:611-621.
• [43]Janssen DB, Dinkla IJT, Poerlands GJ, Terpstra P: Bacterial degradation of xenobiotic compounds: evolution and distribution of novel enzyme activities. Environ Microbiol 2005, 7:1868-1882.
• [44]Kapoor M, Gupta MN: Lipase promiscuity and its biochemical applications. Process Biochem 2012, 47:555-569.
• [45]Busto E, Gotor-Fernandez V, Gotor V: Hydrolases: catalytically promiscuous enzymes for non-conventional reactions in organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2010, 39:4504-4523.
• [46]Arora B, Mukherjee J, Gupta MN: Enzyme promiscuity: using the dark side of enzyme specificity in white biotechnology. Sust Chem Processes 2014, 2:25. BioMed Central Full Text
• [47]Arora B, Pandey PS, Gupta MN: Lipase catalyzed Cannizzaro-type reaction with substituted benzaldehydes in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2014, 55:3920-3922.
• [48]Khersonsky O, Roodveldt C, Tawfik DS: Enzyme promiscuity: evolutionary and mechanistic aspects. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2006, 10:498-508.
• [49]Dellus-Gur E, Toth-Petroczy A, Elias M, Tawfik DS: What makes a protein fold amenable to functional innovation? Fold parity and stability trade-offs. J Mol Biol 2013, 425:2609-2621.
• [50]Process intensification for green chemistry; engineering solution for sustainable chemical processing. Wiley and Sons Ltd., London; 2013.
• [51]Dalal S, Kapoor M, Gupta MN: Preparation and characterization of combi-CLEAs catalyzing multiple non-cascade reactions. J Mol Catal B Enzym 2007, 44:128-132.
• [52]Raghava S, Gupta MN: Tuning permeabilization of microbial cells by three-phase partitioning. Anal Biochem 2009, 385:20-25.
• [53]Wubbolts MG, Bucke C, Bielecki S (2000) How to get the biocatalyst. In: Straathof AJJ, Adlercreutz A (eds) Applied biocatalysis. Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 157–158
• [54]Greene JJ: Host cell compatibility in protein expression. Methods Mol Biol 2004, 267:3-14.
• [55]Roy I, Sharma S, Gupta MN: Smart biocatalysts: design and applications. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol 2004, 86:159-189.
• [56]Pederson S, Christensen MW (2000) Immobilized biocatalysts. In: Straathof AJJ, Adlercreutz A (eds) Applied biocatalysis. Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 213–228
• [57]Enzyme stabilization and immobilization: methods and protocols. Humana Press, Totowa; 2011.
• [58]Montanez-Clemente I, Alvira E, Macias M, Ferrer A, Fonceca M, Rodriguez J, et al.: Enzyme activation in organic solvents: co-lyophilization of subtilisin Carlsberg with methyl-betacyclodextrin renders an enzyme catalyst more active than the crosslinked enzyme crystals. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002, 78:53-59.
• [59]Roy I, Mukherjee J, Gupta MN (2013) High activity preparations of lipases and proteases for catalysis in low water containing organic solvents and ionic liquids. In: Guisan JM (ed) Immobilization of enzymes and cells, 3rd edn. Humana Press, New York, pp 275–284
• [60]Hult K, Berglund P: Enzyme promiscuity: mechanism and applications. Trends Biotechnol 2007, 25:231-238.
• [61]Kourist R, Bartsch S, Fransson L, Hult K, Bornscheuer UT: Understanding promiscuous amidase activity of an esterase from Bacillus subtilis. Chembiochem 2008, 9:67-69.