The Influence of ENSO to the Rainfall Variability in North Sumatra Province

2nd International Conference on Mathematics, Science, Education and Technology

数学;自然科学;教育

Irwandi, H.^1 ; Pusparini, N.^1 ; Ariantono, J.Y.^1 ; Kurniawan, R.^2 ; Tari, C.A.^1 ; Sudrajat, A.^1

Climatological Station of Deli Serdang, 17 Meteorologi Raya Road, Sampali-Medan-North-Sumatra, Indonesia^1

Research and Development Centre, Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG), Indonesia^2

关键词: Annual rainfall;    Descriptive analysis;    East coast;    Influence of ENSO;    Observation post;    Rainfall data;    Rainfall variability;    Southern oscillation;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/335/1/012055/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/335/1/012055

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global phenomenon that affects the variability of rainfall in North Sumatra. The influence of ENSO will be different for each region. This review will analyse the influence of ENSO activity on seasonal and annual rainfall variability. In this research, North Sumatra Province will be divided into 4 (four) regions based on topographical conditions, such as: East Coast (EC), East Slope (ES), Mountains (MT), and West Coast (WC). The method used was statistical and descriptive analysis. Data used in this research were rainfall data from 15 stations / climate observation posts which spread in North Sumatera region and also anomaly data of Nino 3.4 region from period 1981-2016. The results showed that the active El Niño had an effect on the decreasing the rainfall during the period of DJF, JJA and SON in East Coast, East Slope, and Mountains with the decreasing of average percentage of annual rainfall up to 7%. On the contrary, the active La Nina had an effect on the addition of rainfall during the period DJF and JJA in the East Coast and Mountains with the increasing of average percentage of annual rainfall up to 6%.