Assessment of Inhalation Risk to Public Health in the Southern Ural

International Conference on Construction, Architecture and Technosphere Safety 2017

土木建筑工程

Ulrikh, D.V.^1 ; Ivanova, S.V.^2 ; Riabchikova, I.A.^2

Department of Town Planning, Engineering Networks and Systems, South Ural State University, National Research University, Lenin ave. 76, Chelyabinsk

454080, Russia^1

Department of Industrial Ecology and Life Safety, National Research Irkutsk State Technical University, Lermontov street 83, Irkutsk

664074, Russia^2

关键词: Ambient air pollution;    Hazardous substances;    Inhalation exposure;    Iron and steel companies;    Metallurgical industry;    Methodological guidelines;    Priority pollutants;    Technological solution;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/262/1/012209/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/262/1/012209

学科分类：土木及结构工程学

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

A large number of iron and steel companies in the Southern Ural cause severe air pollution in the towns of Karabash (Chelyabinsk region), Sibay (Republic of Bashkortostan), Gai (Orenburg region). The article aims to assess the inhalation effects of hazardous substances on the Southern Ural population. The analysis focused on cancer and non-cancer risks to public health that arise from the surface air pollution caused by the metallurgical industry emissions. The assessment was carried out on the basis of methodological guidelines R 2.1.10.1920-04 using modern sanitary and hygienic standards. We analysed the level of ambient air pollution in the impact area of the metallurgical industry of Karabash, Sibay and Gai over the past eleven years. We established that the ambient air of all the studied towns contain carcinogenic substances that cause unacceptable cancer risks. Formaldehyde has the main share in this risk. We calculated the hazard quotients HQ for the identified priority pollutants and the total hazard indices HI. It is shown that the non-cancer inhalation risk to the Southern Ural population exceeds the safe level manyfold. Sulfur dioxide has the main share in this risk. The conducted assessment showed that in 2006-2016, there was a continuous inhalation exposure of the population to hazardous substances. Sanitary and technological solutions that will allow a reduction of risk to acceptable values are required.