Cavity resonances dominating the photon statistics in the non-equilibrium steady state

25th Annual International Laser Physics Workshop

Rüting, Felix^1,2 ; Weiss, Christoph^3

Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid

28049, Spain^1

Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universitát, Oldenburg

D-26111, Germany^2

Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham

DH1 3LE, United Kingdom^3

关键词: Analytic expressions;    Cavity resonances;    Effective temperature;    Lindblad equations;    Non-equilibrium steady state;    Photon statistics;    Steady-state distributions;    Thermal spectra;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/826/1/012022/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/826/1/012022

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The non-equilibrium-steady state (NEST) for photons in a cavity is investigated theoretically. The NEST is caused by different parts of the cavity being at distinct temperatures or by temperature gradients. By using a rate equation based on the Lindblad equation, we derive an analytic expression for the steady-state distribution of the photon spectrum. We predict differences between the non-equilibrium steady state and a fit to the black-body spectrum calculated via Planck's law with an effective temperature. For two bodies of similar size at two temperatures which differ by a factor of two, the difference would be more than 10%. We also show that cavity resonances have a particularly large influence on the resulting non-equilibrium steady state of the photons. The investigation of thermal spectra in the presence of more than one temperature can be important for high-precision atomic clocks.