Radiation and matter: Electrodynamics postulates and Lorenz gauge

31st International Conference on Equations of State for Matter

Bobrov, V.B.^1 ; Trigger, S.A.^1 ; Van Heijst, G.J.^2 ; Schram, P.P.^2

Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya 13 Bldg 2, Moscow

125412, Russia^1

Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven

5600 MB, Netherlands^2

关键词: Aharonov-bohm effects;    d'Alembert equations;    Electric and magnetic fields;    Four-vector;    Microscopic fields;    Quantum electrodynamics;    Scalar potential;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/774/1/012124/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/774/1/012124

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

In general terms, we have considered matter as the system of charged particles and quantized electromagnetic field. For consistent description of the thermodynamic properties of matter, especially in an extreme state, the problem of quantization of the longitudinal and scalar potentials should be solved. In this connection, we pay attention that the traditional postulates of electrodynamics, which claim that only electric and magnetic fields are observable, is resolved by denial of the statement about validity of the Maxwell equations for microscopic fields. The Maxwell equations, as the generalization of experimental data, are valid only for averaged values. We show that microscopic electrodynamics may be based on postulation of the d'Alembert equations for four-vector of the electromagnetic field potential. The Lorenz gauge is valid for the averages potentials (and provides the implementation of the Maxwell equations for averages). The suggested concept overcomes difficulties under the electromagnetic field quantization procedure being in accordance with the results of quantum electrodynamics. As a result, longitudinal and scalar photons become real rather than virtual and may be observed in principle. The longitudinal and scalar photons provide not only the Coulomb interaction of charged particles, but also allow the electrical Aharonov-Bohm effect.