Optimal sensor placement for modal testing on wind turbines

The Science of Making Torque from Wind

Schulze, Andreas^1 ; Zierath, János^2 ; Rosenow, Sven-Erik^2 ; Bockhahn, Reik^2 ; Rachholz, Roman^1 ; Woernle, Christoph^1

Department of Technical Dynamics, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, Rostock

18059, Germany^1

W2E Wind to Energy GmbH, Strandstrasse 96, Rostock

18055, Germany^2

关键词: Acceleration sensors;    Dynamic behaviours;    Flexible multi bodies;    Mechanical structures;    Operational modal analysis;    Optimal placements;    Optimal sensor placement;    Sensor configurations;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/753/7/072031/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1742-6596/753/7/072031

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

The mechanical design of wind turbines requires a profound understanding of the dynamic behaviour. Even though highly detailed simulation models are already in use to support wind turbine design, modal testing on a real prototype is irreplaceable to identify site-specific conditions such as the stiffness of the tower foundation. Correct identification of the mode shapes of a complex mechanical structure much depends on the placement of the sensors. For operational modal analysis of a 3 MW wind turbine with a 120 m rotor on a 100 m tower developed by W2E Wind to Energy, algorithms for optimal placement of acceleration sensors are applied. The mode shapes used for the optimisation are calculated by means of a detailed flexible multibody model of the wind turbine. Among the three algorithms in this study, the genetic algorithm with weighted off-diagonal criterion yields the sensor configuration with the highest quality. The ongoing measurements on the prototype will be the basis for the development of optimised wind turbine designs.