Antimicrobial resistance problems in typhoid fever

1st International Conference on Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases (ICTROMI) Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara

Saragih, R.H.^1,2 ; Purba, G.C.F.^3

Division of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan

20136, Indonesia^1

Haji Adam Malik Central General Hospital, Jalan Bunga Lau No. 17, Medan

20136, Indonesia^2

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia^3

关键词: Antimicrobial resistances;    Causative agents;    Facultative anaerobes;    Fluoroquinolones;    Gastrointestinal symptoms;    Human pathogens;    Multidrug resistance;    Salmonella typhi;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/125/1/012091/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1755-1315/125/1/012091

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Typhoid fever (enteric fever) remains a burden in developing countries and a major health problem in Southern and Southeastern Asia. Salmonella typhi (S. typhi), the causative agent of typhoid fever, is a gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobe and solely a human pathogen with no animal reservoir. Infection of S. typhi can cause fever, abdominal pain and many worsenonspecific symptoms, including gastrointestinal symptoms suchas nausea, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhea. Chloramphenicol, ampicillin,and cotrimoxazole were the first-recommended antibiotics in treating typhoid fever. In the last two decades though, these three traditional drugs started to show resistance and developed multidrug resistance (MDR) S. typhi strains. In many parts of the world, the changing modes ofpresentation and the development of MDR have made typhoid fever increasingly difficult to treat.The use of first-line antimicrobials had been recommended to be fluoroquinolone as a replacement. However, this wassoonfollowedbyreportsof isolates ofS. typhi showing resistancetofluoroquinolones as well. These antimicrobial resistance problems in typhoid fever have been an alarming situation ever since and need to be taken seriously or else typhoid fever will no longer be taken care completely by administering antibiotics.