Magnetic droplet solitons are nonlinear dynamical modes that can be excited in a thin film with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with a spin-transfer torque. Although droplet solitons have been proved to be stable with a hysteretic response to applied currents and magnetic fields at low temperature, measurements at room temperature indicate less stability and reduced hysteresis width. Here, we report evidence of droplet soliton drift instabilities, leading to drift resonances, at room temperature that explains their lower stability. Micromagnetic simulations show that the drift instability is produced by an effective-field asymmetry in the nanocontact region that can have different origins.

Finite-temperature (T) properties of a Kitaev model defined on a honeycomb lattice are investigated by a quantum Monte Carlo simulation, from the viewpoint of fractionalization of quantum S = 1/2 spins into two types of Majorana fermions, itinerant and localized. In this system, the entropy is released successively at two well-separated T scales, as a clear indication of the thermal fractionalization. We show that the high-T crossover, which is driven by itinerant Majorana fermions, is closely related with the development of nearest-neighbor spin correlations. On the other hand, the low-T crossover originates in thermal fluctuations of fluxes composed of localized Majorana fermions, by which the spectrum of itinerant Majorana fermions is significantly disturbed. As a consequence, in the intermediate-T range between the two crossovers, the system exhibits T-linear behavior in the specific heat and coherent transport of Majorana fermions, which are unexpected for the Dirac semimetallic spectrum in the low-T limit. We also show that the flux fluctuations tend to open an energy gap in the Majorana spectrum near the gapless-gapped phase boundary. Our results indicate that the fractionalization is experimentally observable in the specific heat, spin correlations, and transport properties.

We study the dynamics of inorganic antiferroelectric nanoclusters formed during an order-disorder transition and demonstrate the coexistence of the two phases in a region of 2-3 K around the transition temperature T-N similar to 215 K. Single crystals of NH4H2AsO4, a model hydrogen-bonded compound, show an antiferroelectric-paraelectric transition studied by means of highly sensitive magic angle spinning N-15 NMR at 21.1 T. The phase coexistence is demonstrated by a double-peak structure of the chemical shift. Two-dimensional chemical exchange spectroscopy and spin-lattice relaxation time (T-1) measurements show that the clusters are dynamic with sizes similar to 50 nm and lifetimes approaching seconds as T -> T-N. Their occupancy increases rapidly to fill the crystal volume below T-N. This study provides evidence for the commonality of the phase transitions in systems with electric properties and provides an improved spectroscopic method for such studies.

We consider theoretically spin correlations in a one-dimensional quantum wire with Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction (RDI). The correlations of noninteracting electrons display electron spin resonance at a frequency proportional to the RDI coupling. Interacting electrons, upon varying the direction of the external magnetic field, transit from the state of Luttinger liquid (LL) to the spin-density wave (SDW) state. We show that the two-time total-spin correlations of these states are significantly different. In the LL, the projection of total spin to the direction of the RDI-induced field is conserved and the corresponding correlator is equal to zero. The correlators of two components perpendicular to the RDI field display a sharp electron-spin resonance driven by the RDI-induced intrinsic field. In contrast, in the SDW state, the longitudinal projection of spin dominates, whereas the transverse components are suppressed. This prediction indicates a simple way for an experimental diagnostic of the SDW in a quantum wire. We point out that the Luttinger model does not respect the spin conservation since it assumes the infinite Fermi sea. We propose a proper cutoff to correct this failure.

A ternary compound, MgPtSi, was synthesized by solid-state reaction. An examination of the compound by powder x-ray diffraction revealed that it crystallizes in the orthorhombic TiNiSi-type structure with the Pnma space group. The structure comprises alternately stacked layers of Mg and PtSi honeycomb network, which is reminiscent of MgB2, and the buckling of the honeycomb network causes orthorhombic distortion. Electrical and magnetic studies revealed that MgPtSi exhibited superconductivity with a transition temperature of 2.5 K. However, its isostructural compounds, namely, MgRhSi andMgIrSi, were not found to exhibit superconductivity.

Single crystals of Na1-delta Fe1-xTxAs with T = Co, Rh have been grown using a self-flux technique. The crystals were thoroughly characterized by powder x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and electronic transport with particular focus on the Rh-doped samples. Measurements of the specific heat and ARPES were conducted exemplarily for the optimally doped compositions. The spin-density wave transition (SDW) observed for samples with low Rh concentration (0 <= x <= 0.013) is fully suppressed in the optimally doped sample. The superconducting transition temperature (T-c) is enhanced from 10 K in Na1-delta FeAs to 21 K in the optimally doped sample (x = 0.019) of the Na1-delta Fe1-xRhxAs series and decreases for the overdoped compounds, revealing a typical shape for the superconducting part of the electronic phase diagram. Remarkably, the phase diagram is almost identical to that of Co-doped Na1-delta FeAs, suggesting a generic phase diagram for both dopants.