To develop PET tracers for imaging of Alzheimer's disease, a new carbon-11-labeled AMPAR allosteric modulator 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-[C-11] methoxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4] thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide ([C-11] 8) has been synthesized. The reference standard 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4] thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (8) and its corresponding desmethylated precursor 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)3,4- dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4] thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (9) were synthesized from 4-methoxyabiline and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate in eight and nine steps with 3% and 1% overall chemical yield, respectively. The target tracer [C-11] 8 was prepared from the precursor 9 with [C-11] CH3OTf through O-[C-11] methylation and isolated by HPLC combined with SPE in 10-15% radiochemical yield, based on [C-11] CO2 and decay corrected to end of bombardment (EOB). The radiochemical purity was> 99%, and the molar activity (AM) at EOB was 370-740 GBq/mu mol with a total synthesis time of 35-40-minutes from EOB.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether meeting movement behavior recommendations (i.e., >= 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] per day, <= 2h of recreational screen time per day, and between 9 and 11 h of nightly sleep), and combinations of these recommendations, are associated with dietary patterns of children. This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2011 and 2013 and included 5873 children 9-11 years of age from 12 countries around the world. MVPA and nightly sleep duration were measured using 24-hour waist-worn accelerometry. Screen time habits were assessed via self-report. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary patterns, and the whole diet was described by two components derived from principal component analysis: healthy and unhealthy dietary pattern scores. Covariates included in the multilevel statistical models included age, sex, highest parental education, and body mass index z-score. A healthier dietary pattern score was observed when more movement behavior recommendations were met. Among the three movement behaviors, limiting screen time habits to the recommended amount was most strongly associated with healthier dietary patterns. Similarly, a less unhealthy dietary pattern was observed when more movement behavior recommendations were met. Surprisingly, the highest unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with children meeting the MVPA recommendation alone. Combinations including <= 2 h of screen time per day were those most strongly associated with a less unhealthy dietary pattern. Findings were similar across study sites and in boys and girls. In conclusion, meeting more movement behavior recommendations is generally associated with better dietary patterns in children from around the world, with limiting screen time habits showing the strongest relationships.

Industrial green development (IGD) is a critical response to the over-consumption of natural resources and pollution caused by modern industry. Innovation-driven IGD has generated great interest in recent years. However, relatively less attention has been paid to the various aspects of IGD and the moderating role of regional factors, including the developmental stage of IGD, government-scale, and enterprise scale. The present study was conducted to fill these research gaps using panel data across 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2015. The empirical results show that 1) innovation does promote IGD and is most effective in low-carbon production, followed by resource reduction, economic operation, and pollution abatement; 2) there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the regional IGD level and the role of innovation in IGD; and 3) both government-scale and enterprise-scale contribute to the innovation-driven IGD. These findings provide new insights into the impact of innovation on IGD and may shed light on future decisions related to green development. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

We developed a clean reactive dyeing system for industrialization by controlled demulsification of the dyeing medium containing cottonseed oil. Low dye fixation and high pollution are the major problems of conventional aqueous reactive dyeing. Current alternative dyeing technologies have their deficiencies such as undesired dyeing quality and toxic discharges. Semi-stable emulsion dyeing could achieve high levelness and fixation of dyes by adjusting the demulsification speed of dyeing medium and water content in the system on a pilot scale. Compared to aqueous dyeing, up to 47% dyes could be saved to obtain the same shade in semi-stable emulsion dyeing. Dyeing levelness of emulsion dyeing has no significant difference from that of aqueous dyeing. Dye discharge using the semi-stable emulsion system was reduced by 90%. Discharges of salt and dispersing agents were eliminated. More than 99.8% of cottonseed oil could be recycled. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A reactive dyeing system is designed based on controllable chemical potential difference between the external and internal phases for minimal discharge of pollutants. Conventional aqueous reactive dyeing is widely used for cotton, generating large quantities of wastewater containing high concentrations of hydrolyzed dyes and salts. Although new reactive dyeing technologies have been developed to reduce pollutant discharge, they all failed due to release of toxic organic solvents or high costs. In the newly developed dual-liquid-phase system, spent cooking oil is served as external phase to disperse reactive dyes, while water is served as internal phase to swell cotton and fix dyes with alkali. 100% of reactive dyes move into the internal phase without the help of salts due to high chemical potential of dyes in the external phase. Compared to conventional aqueous system, the dual-liquid-phase system improves dye fixation by 33% and reduces discharge of dyes by 82% when the initial input of dyes is 3% owf. Discharge of salts is reduced by 100%. The external phase is reusable and biodegradable. Cotton fabrics were dyed with the dual-liquid-phase system on a pilot scale and achieved the same dyeing quality as those from conventional aqueous system. The dual-liquid-phase system also consumes less materials and energy than conventional aqueous system, indicating economic feasibility. The dual-liquid-phase system could be applied to current dyeing equipment, enabling quick implementation of lab results into real production. Clean large-scale reactive dyeing could be achieved with the dual-phase-liquid system. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Biological removal of dichloromethane (DCM) from pharmaceutical industry is limited by its recalcitrance. In this study, an airlift packing reactor (ALPR), which combined the suspended and fixed-film microbial growth system, was set up to remove DCM and co-existed toluene. The removal performance of the ALPR for DCM was greater than traditional airlift reactor (ALR). The maximum elimination capacity (ECmax) of the ALPR for DCM reached 108 g m(-3) h(-1) with removal efficiency (RE) of 41%, increased by 145% if compared to the ALR. The ECmax for toluene was 172 g m(-3) h(-1) with RE of 70%, decreased by 25% if compared to the ALR, which was mainly due to the higher liquid-phase biomass in the ALR. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the microbial composition on the packings of the ALPR had a large difference from its liquid-phase or the liquid-phase of the ALR. Gemmobacter, Rhizomicrobium, Chitinophaga, Vampirovibrio, and Fodinicurvata were genera with great abundance fixed on the packings and Rhizomicrobium, Chitinophaga, Vampirovibrio, and Fodinicurvata are first to be reported in VOCs biological removal. This study indicated that the ALPR can augment the microbial community and effectively improve the removal of recalcitrant VOCs.