Clinicopathologic and Molecular Features of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor T790M Mutation and c-MET Amplification in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-resistant Chinese Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Hua-Jun Chen Tony S. Mok Zhi-Hong Chen Ai-Lin Guo Xu-Chao Zhang Jian Su Yi-Long Wu Email author Original Paper First Online: 21 April 2009 Received: 24 February 2009 Accepted: 06 April 2009 DOI :
10.1007/s12253-009-9167-8
Cite this article as: Chen, HJ., Mok, T.S., Chen, ZH. et al. Pathol. Oncol. Res. (2009) 15: 651. doi:10.1007/s12253-009-9167-8
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Abstract To investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular features of the T790M mutation and c-MET amplification in a cohort of Chinese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). EGFR TKI-resistant NSCLC patients (n = 29) and corresponding tumor specimens, and 53 samples of postoperative TKI-naïve NSCLC patients were collected. EGFR exon 19, 20, and 21 mutations were analyzed. And c-MET gene copy number was determined. The EGFR T790M mutation in exon 20 was not detected in the population of 53 TKI-naïve patients, but found in 48.3% (14/29) of the enrolled TKI-resistant patients. c-MET was amplified in 3.8% (2/53) of the TKI-naïve NSCLC patients and highly amplified in 17.2% (5/29) of the cohort. Most of T790M mutations were frequently associated with non-smoker, adenocarcinoma and EGFR activating mutations. Three male patients with T790M mutation occurred with wild-type EGFR, and were resistant to the treatments following TKI resistance. Features of c-MET amplification in TKI-naïve patients were indistinguishable from TKI-resistant patients. In the group of wild-type EGFR, patients with T790M mutation had median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) as 9.6 months and 12.6 months, respectively; whereas the median PFS and OS of c-MET amplified patients was 4.1 months and 8.0 months, respectively. These results suggest that EGFR T790M mutation and c-MET amplification can occur in TKI-resistant NSCLC with wild-type EGFR, and these genetic defects might be related to different survival outcome. c-MET amplification in TKI-naïve or -resistant patients might share similarities in clinicopathologic features.
Keywords c-MET Epidermal growth factor receptor Non-small cell lung cancer, Resistance T790M Abbreviations (ARMS) amplification refractory mutation system
(EGFR) epidermal growth factor receptor
(NSCLC) non-small cell lung cancer
(OS) overall survival
(PFS) progression free survival
(TKI) tyrosine kinase inhibitor
The data were presented in part at the 2008 ASCO annual meeting (Abstract-No. 8107).
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Authors and Affiliations Hua-Jun Chen Tony S. Mok Zhi-Hong Chen Ai-Lin Guo Xu-Chao Zhang Jian Su Yi-Long Wu Email author 1. Cancer Center Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China 2. Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute Guangdong General Hospital Guangzhou China 3. Department of Clinical Oncology Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China 4. Department of Biochip Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China