Determinants of the Prevalence of Malaria in Rwanda

Malaria;mosquito net;season;altitude;residence;wealth category;614

Guillaume Rudasingwa만성병역학 ;

University:서울대학교 대학원

关键词: Malaria;    mosquito net;    season;    altitude;    residence;    wealth category;    614;   

Others  :  http://s-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/161288/1/000000157424.pdf

美国|英语

来源: Seoul National University Open Repository

【 摘 要 】

Background: Malaria has a considerable impact on the health of the populations of developing countries; indeed, the entire population of Rwanda is at risk of contracting the disease. Although various interventions to control malaria have been implemented in Rwanda, the incidence of malaria has increased since 2012.There is an interest in understanding factors driving it’s persistence in Rwanda. This study aims at evaluating the effect of socio-economic and environmental factors, seasonality and the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) on Malaria persistence in Rwanda. Methods: We analysed data from the 2014–2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey of 10891household’s members composed of children under the age of 5 and women aged between 15-49. Bivariate analysis were performed between the outcome and each covariate including wealth, altitude, education level, place of residence, and use of ITNs generating percentages. We performed Chi-square test to compare malaria negatives and positives on each covariate. Significant variables were subjected to multiple regression analysis to evaluate factors that are significantly associated with Malaria at p<0.05.The analysis was performed in R x64 3.6 using survey library, adjusting for sample weights, stratification and clustering. QGIS3.8 was used to map geographical distribution of malaria cases.Results: The lowest wealth category was associated with the incidence of malaria (AOR =1.55, 95% CI = (1.18-2.05) .Having a place of residence <1700 m above sea level (asl) and non-use of ITNs were significantly associated with the incidence of malaria (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.90, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.92–4.38 and AOR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.04–1.61, respectively). Season and type of residence were not significantly associated with malaria prevalence while women had lower risk of contracting malaria than children.Conclusion: Income level, Altitude <1700m above the sea level and non-use of mosquito nets were associated with prevalence of malaria. Thus, potential interventions in Low income people and areas at low altitudes should be taken into consideration when formulating malaria control strategies, Also use of ITNs to control the spread of malaria should be emphasised.