The occurrence of problems related to patient safety causes not only poor quality of care, and financial damage but also fatal to patients. In particular, safety accidents occurring in the operating room are very frequent, and the damage caused by the incidents is severe that can lead to medical litigation. Therefore, in order to ensure patient safety in the operating room, proper awareness of the safety culture of patients in the operating room should be established as well as instructional devices. Based on this awareness, further knowledge and tools related to patient safety can be effectively used to reduce safety accidents. The studies investigating the perception of the safety culture of domestic patients with the main subjects; ward nurses, hospital nurses, and hospital medical workers were conducted. However, there is a lack of research results investigating cognition of the operating room medical personnel who have a high incidence of safety accidents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data for establishing patient safety culture in the operating room by investigating the perception of patient safety culture of the operating room at a tertiary hospital and examining the factors affecting patient safety culture perception.This study is a transversal descriptive research study conducted from April 19 to June 30 2018. Data collection was performed on a medical staff in an operating room of a tertiary hospital in Seoul. In this study, Ambulatory Survey Center Survey on Patient Safety Culture tool developed by AHRQ in 2014 was used with permission to use the tool from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The medical staff working in the operating room was approached individually and explained the purpose of the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the medical personnel who were willing to participate voluntarily. A total of 260 questionnaires were distributed, of which 231 valid questionnaires were analyzed statistically. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Win 23.0 program. Cronbach;;s alpha, Pearson;;s correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used.Patient safety culture perception score was average of 3.41 (± 0.41) out of 5 points. Patient safety culture perception according to position was the highest in professors, lowest in resident, and showed significant difference(p <0.001). The score was higher in the subjects who answered ;;Yes’ to safety factors including ;;concept of patient safety;;, ;;education content to patient safety;;, ;;education time;;, ;;Emphasizes Patient Safety as a high priority;;, ;;Providing a safe working environment;;(p <0.001). Patient safety culture perception, proximity error reporting, overall patient safety level of hospital, and communication within the operating room all showed a significant positive correlation. Multiple regression analysis showed that ;;Charge nurse;;, ;;Patient safety concept;;, ;;Provide safe work environment;;, and ;;Provide patient safety with high priority;; had a significant effect on patient safety culture perception.As a result of this study, providing a safe working environment and providing patient safety as a priority could be used as a basis for enhancing patient safety culture perception of healthcare provider in operating room. Accordingly, it is recommended that the hospital provider healthcare provider with a work environment and system to work first on patient safety, and a safe job environment that includes clear division of work and guidelines on work. As the perception of patient safety culture of healthcare providers in the operating room showed significant differences according to their positions, it is needed to develop differentiated training programs that reflect specific training courses for each position. In addition, we suggest the hospital to actively intervene in reinforcing horizontal and free communication between the superiors and subordinates, and to establish a practical communication plan that the effective communication can raise the awareness of the patient safety culture. Finally, I propose a repeated study to examine the perception of patient safety culture using the ASCs tool for medical staff in the operating room in Korea. In order to measure and compare the perception of patient safety culture that is appropriate to the actual situation in Korea, it is necessary to repeatedly study not only a tertiary hospital but also the operating room medical staff of various types of hospitals.
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