Sustainable development in chemical engineering offers technical, industrially relevant solutions to environmental and economic issues. This work focuses on three specific issues; improving solvent selection and reducing costly experimentation, improving catalyst recovery while reducing reaction time, and producing commercial viable biofuels by cost effective pretreatments and valuable side product extractions.Novel solvent systems are a sustainable solution because they provide the ability to replace costly solvents with cheap, benign, and recyclable systems. Specifically, this work investigated the use of one novel solvent system, Gas Expanded Liquids (GXL).When a solvent is exposed to a gas in which it is miscible at modest pressures and temperatures, the liquid solvent becomes expanded, providing a unique tunable and reversible solvent with properties that can be much different then that of the solvent itself. If you apply this gas to a mixture of two liquids of a solid dissolved in a liquid phase, it can often provide a miscibility switch, aiding in separation, crystallization, andrecovery of products or catalysts. In this work several different applications for organicsolvents expanded with carbon dioxide were studied including miscibility switches forcatalyst recycle, pretreatment of biomass for improved bio-ethanol production, andextraction of valuable chemicals from lignin waste in the pulp and paper industry. Solidsolubility models to improve solvent selection and predict unique solvent mixtures duringcrystallization were also studied. The results reported here show promise for the use ofGXL novel solvent systems and solid solubility models in many sustainable applications.
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Novel Solvent Systems for the Development of Sustainable Technology
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