Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Glycerol, a Byproduct of Biodiesel Production, for Swine

nursery diets;glycerol;swine

Shields, Michael Christopher ; Charles Stark, Committee Member,Eric van Heugten, Committee Chair,Jack Odle, Committee Member,Shields, Michael Christopher ; Charles Stark ; Committee Member ; Eric van Heugten ; Committee Chair ; Jack Odle ; Committee Member

University:North Carolina State University

关键词: nursery diets;    glycerol;    swine;   

Others  :  https://repository.lib.ncsu.edu/bitstream/handle/1840.16/1976/etd.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

美国|英语

来源: null

【 摘 要 】

SHIELDS, MICHAEL CHRISTOPHER. Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Glycerol, a Byproduct of Biodiesel Production, for Swine. (Under the direction of Eric van Heugten.)The objectives of this study were to: 1) evaluate diet manufacturing characteristics and feed mill processing data when using glycerol; 2) determine the value of glycerol in diets for newly weaned pigs relative to lactose;and 3) determine the value of glycerol in diets for nursery pigs when replacing lactose and corn.For the first objective, two experiments were performed to test the performance of glycerol in the feed mill.In experiment 1, finisher feed was mixed in a 50 kg mixer at glycerol levels of 0, 2.5, and 5%. Diets were manufactured in batches of 100 lbs in a randomized block design and this was replicated three times.In Experiment 2, finisher feed was mixed and pelleted to examine feed mill performance at glycerol levels of 0, 2.5, and 5%. Diets were manufactured in batches of 1,000 lbs in a randomized block design and this was replicated three times.In Experiment 1, flowability linearly increased (P=0.03) as glycerol levels increased.In Experiment 2, production efficiency, and pellet durability werelinearly increased (P=0.005 and P=0.0001 respectively) and hot pellet temperature was decreased (P=0.05) as glycerol levels increased. For the second objective, a performance study was conducted.A total of 126 pigs (body weight was 6.68 ± 0.17 kg) was weaned at approximately 21 days of age, blocked by weight, and allocated to 42 pens with 3 pigs per pen.Pens were randomly assigned one of six treatments in a 2x3 factorial randomized complete block design with factors: 1) glycerol inclusion in phase 1 diets (0 or 5%), and 2) glycerol inclusion level in phase 2 diets (0, 5, or 10%).Phase 1 diets were fed for 2 weeks and glycerol was supplemented to replace lactose on a weight for weight basis. Phase 2 diets were fed for 3 weeks and glycerol was included in replacement of corn and this replacement was made on a nutrient basis (thus accounting for the nutrient composition of corn).Results suggested that replacing corn at levels of up to 10% improved ADG (P<0.002), ADFI (P<0.003), and G:F (P<0.044).Serum glycerol concentration was not impacted by the glycerol supplementation during the starter 1 phase, but a linear increase in serum glycerol concentration during the starter 2 phase (P<0.0001) was observed as dietary glycerol increased.Glycerol supplementation had no effect on serum glucose, total protein, albumin, bilirubin, creatine phosphokinase, globulin, and aminotransferase serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in the starter 1 phase.In the starter 2 phase, glycerol supplementation increased urea nitrogen (P=0.002), decreased creatinine (P=0.02), and increased the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to creatinine (P=0.0002).Glycerol supplementation in the starter 2 phase had a quadratic effect on urea nitrogen (P=0.0008), which was lower at 5% level of glycerol (4.71mg/dl ) compared to the 0 and 10% (6.86 and 7.43mg/dl respectively).Cholesterol concentration I was higher for 5% added glycerol (92.21mg/dl) then for the 0% and 10% levels (79.14 and 84.64mg/dl respectively; quadratic effect, P = 0.04). Glycerol supplementation in the starter 2 phase linearly decreased creatinine concentration (P=0.02).For the third objective, a performance trial was completed.A total of 144 pigs (body weight was 6.68 ± 0.17 kg) were weaned at approximately 21 days of age, blocked by weight, and allocated to 28 pens with 3 pigs per pen,. Pens were randomly assigned one of six dietary treatments; (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10% glyceroladded to replace 10% lactose in a basal starter 1 diet (fed for two weeks) containing 20% total lactose, and a negative control with 10% lactose and 0% glycerol).A common starter diet was fed for the remaining two weeks.Pigs were weighed and feed intake was measured weekly.Results demonstrated that glycerol supplementation at 10% compared to the negative control resulted in a greater ADG during weeks 1, 2, and the starter 1 period (P < 0.03). Glycerol also improved feed efficiency in the starter 1 period (P < 0.04).There was no impact of feeding glycerol in the starter 1 phase on subsequent performance during the starter 2 phase.Serum glycerol was linearly increased (P=0.03) as glycerol levels increased.Glycerol supplementation in starter 1 diets had no effect on glucose, urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferase serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase aspartate (ALT), aminotransferase serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, albumin, globulin, the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to creatinine (buncreatinine), and creatine phosphokinase. Glycerol supplementation decreased creatinine (P=0.0004) and bilirubin (P=0.02) as dietary glycerol levels increased.Overall these studies indicate that glycerol can be an asset in feedmilling by improving pellet durability, flowability, production efficiency, and hot pellet temperature.In nursery diets, it improves ADG, and ADFI at levels up to 10%.Overall data indicated that glycerol can be added in the diets at levels up to 5% and improve feedmill performance and pig performance.