The purpose of this study is to measure the effect of listening to and singing a tuningpitch on a flute player's intonation. This investigation determines if these twovariables-hearing and singing-will have an effect on playing a single pitch,particularly among beginning flutists. Participants (N = 33) were middle school fluteplayers with between one and four years experience playing their instrument.Participants were sampled from a major school district in the Southeast. Participantswere asked to tune a control instrument to a pre-recorded Bb chord and a single Bb pitchas played by an electric piano. After resetting the instrument to the original position,participants heard the same chord and pitch but they were then asked to sing the Bb noteon the neutral syllable "la" before adjusting the flute and playing a second time. Resultswere measured in cents using computer. The differences in intonation between the tuningof the Bb without singing showed no significant difference from when the participantssang the pitch before tuning. Suggestions for future research applications are included.
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The effect of singing on the intonation of middle school flute players.