Statin-associated skeletal muscle damage and its interactions with novel or accustomed exercise

Statins;Myopathy;Exercise;Muscle Function;Heat Shock Proteins;Caspase

Meador, Benjamin M.

关键词: Statins;    Myopathy;    Exercise;    Muscle Function;    Heat Shock Proteins;    Caspase;   

Others  :  https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/18603/Meador_Benjamin.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

美国|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

Statin drugs are a very commonly prescribed medication, and their most common side effect is some degree of skeletal muscle myopathy. Unfortunately, this side effect is more likely/severe in statin users who are also exercisers. Purpose: To examine the previously unaddressed interactions of statin treatment with novel vs. accustomed exercise, as well as to examine cellular markers of the stress response—heat shock proteins (Hsps)—and apoptosis—activated caspases. Methods: C57 mice were treated with daily cerivastatin (1/mg/kg/day) or saline for two weeks, with/without concomitant wheel running (RW) (Novel & Sedentary groups). Additional groups also performed two weeks of RW activity prior to the initiation of statin treatment (Accustomed groups). RW activity was tracked daily, and hindlimb plantarflexor maximal force and fatigue was measured at the end of the intervention. Hsp25, αB-Crystallin, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 were measured by western blot, plasma creatine kinase (CK) was assessed by activity assay. Results: Statin treatment did not significantly impact RW activity, however both sedentary and novel-exercise groups showed decrements in muscle force and fatigability with statin treatment. The effect on maximal force was more severe in the novel-exercise group, while accustomed exercise mice were protected from this decrement. Plasma creatine kinase levels did not correlate with functional outcomes. No significant effect of statin treatment was found for hsp25 or αB-Crystallin expression, though both proteins were increased by both the novel and accustomed exercise interventions. A significant injection by activity interaction was found for active caspase-9 expression, with statins increasing expression in the sedentary and novel groups, but decreasing expression in the accustomed groups. Active caspase-3 was not detectable in any group. Conclusions: These results indicate that exercise training prior to statin treatment can protect against myopathy, rather than exacerbate it, as seen with novel exercise. Additionally, accustomed exercise was able to reverse statin treatment’s activation of caspase-9, though the physiological significance of this is unclear, as the lack of caspase-3 expression indicates that apoptosis did not in fact occur. An upregulation in Hsp expression with exercise may have contributed to the preservation of muscle force and decreased caspase-9 expression in the accustomed groups.