Three-dimensional metallic architectures for photonic and energy storage applications

thermophotovoltaics;photonic crystals;self-assembly;energy storage;Metamaterials

Arpin, Kevin

关键词: thermophotovoltaics;    photonic crystals;    self-assembly;    energy storage;    Metamaterials;   

Others  :  https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/42174/Kevin_Arpin.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

美国|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

Materials exhibiting multi–dimensional structure with characteristic feature sizesranging from the nanometer scale to the micrometer scale have extraordinary potential foremerging applications that cannot be achieved using simple, non–structured materials.Much work in the area has focused on the use of dielectric or polymeric materials,however, three-dimensional (3D) metallic materials are far less studied and especiallyinteresting for photonic and energy storage applications. Sacrificial templates arecommonly used for the fabrication of materials possessing 3D structure. Self-assembly isparticularly attractive for applications demanding large-area templates at low cost. Thiswork focused on the incorporation of metallic materials into 3D templates, especiallythose fabricated by self-assembly, for solar energy harvesting, chiral metamaterial, andenergy storage applications.3D metallic architectures are useful for solar thermophotovotlaics (sTPV). Thistechnology seeks to overcome losses in solar energy harvesting due to the broad spectraldistribution of energies emitted by the sun. Single junction photovoltaic (PV) cellsefficiently convert solar radiation to electricity in a narrowed range of energiesconcentrated around the energy of the PV cell electronic band gap. A sTPV device usesan intermediate component, placed between the sun and the PV cell that spectrallyconcentrates solar radiation to coincide with the PV cell electronic band gap. A large partof this thesis is devoted to the development of 3D photonic crystals, fabricated using selfassembledtemplates, which selectively emit thermal radiation in a narrowed range ofenergies, useful for efficient conversion to electricity. Structures fabricated hereindemonstrate the necessary combination of thermal stability and selective thermalemission for TPV applications. It is hoped that this work will enable the fruition of highefficiency TPV systems incorporating a 3D photonic crystal thermal emitter.Three-dimensional aluminum architectures were fabricated usingelectrodeposition inside self-assembled templates for energy storage applications.Finally, complex 3D gold architectures were fabricated using a more advanced templatefabrication technique, direct laser writing, in combination with electrodeposition forchiral metamaterial applications.