A comparative study of the attitudes of students attending Urdu medium, English medium and seminary schools in Pakistan

LB Theory and practice of education

Raheem, Muhammad Arslan ; Furlong, Andy

University:University of Glasgow

Department:School of Education

关键词: Seminal education, religious extremism, attitudes of students.;   

Others  :  http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6425/1/2013RaheemPhD.pdf.pdf

来源: University of Glasgow

【 摘 要 】

In Pakistan, educationalinstitutionsfunctioninparallelunderthreeseparate systems: public, private and madrassas. The incidents of 9/11 brought madrassas intothelimelightandtheyemergedasthemostcontroversialeducationalinstitutionsofPakistan. Internationalscholarshipispolarizedonthemadrassaissueandpresents two opposing pictures about these institutes.Forsome,madrassasarethecauseofradicalideologyandmilitancy,whilefor others they are a source of free education for the underprivileged.This research compares the attitudesofstudentsattendingmadrassaswiththoseofstudentsattendingothertypesof school. A comparison oftheworldviewofstudentscomingfromdifferentschoolingsystemswasmadeconcerningsocio-politicalandeducationalissuesincludinganexaminationof attitudes towards jihad and Islamic militancy. It is argued that students educated under different systems have divergentideologies abouttheprimarypurposeofeducation,sectariandiversity,thestatusof women and non-Muslims inPakistanand,mostimportantly,Islamicmilitancy. Todeterminetheworldviewof studentsabouttheaforesaidissues,bothquantitativeandqualitativeapproacheswereused.Thedatawerecollectedfromthestudentsofprivateandpublicschoolsandmadrassasin South Punjab (N=500). It is argued that madrassas are stratified with some being more liberal than others. The questionnaire and interview tool used in the study attempted to find out the students‘ responses on armed Jihad, sectarian divide, the status of women, the position of non-Muslims in Pakistan and about the purpose of education.The analysis illustrated thewaysinwhichPakistanisocietyispolarizedalongsocio-economiclinesandhowdifferent types of schooling are associated with distinct world views.The results indicate that the students from madrassas are somewhat more aggressiveand intoleranttowardsthereligiousminoritiesandwomenthanthestudentsofEnglishmedium andUrdumediumpublicschools.Theyarealsolesstoleranttowardspeopleofothersects andaremoresusceptibletosectarianprejudicesthantheircounterpartsintheEnglishmediumandUrdumedium schools.Inthesamevein,thestudentsfrommadrassasaremoresupportiveofmilitancyandjihadistactivitiesthantheircounterparts. In this regard, the students fromShiaandBrailvimadrassasarecomparativelylessinclinedtowardstheJihadi notion than that of Ahle Hadith, Deaoband and Jamaat-e-Islami madrassas.Whilemostpreviousstudiesofmadrassashavepresentedthemashomogeneous institutions,thisstudyhighlightstheextenttowhichtheyareinternallystratifiedandshowsthatthestudentsstudyingintheseschoolshavecontradictoryviewpointswithrespecttocertainsocio-politicalandreligious issues.