Thetaskofthisthesis istocriticallyreviewtheestablishedposition,regardingthe distinctionthatexistsbetweencompensableindirectandnon-compensableregulatory expropriation by states.It is commonly asserted that indirect expropriation by states will merit swift and adequate compensation for investors that suffer damage to their property. Howeverindirectexpropriationthatistheresultoftheexerciseofstateregulatory practiceswillnotresultinanysuchawardtoinvestors.Inordertobeconvincingthe distinctionbetweenthesetwopracticesmustbeclearlyidentifiable. Moreoverthe concepts used to construct these doctrines must be sufficiently robust to withstand logical scrutiny.The central argument of this thesis is that the distinction is not sufficiently clear to be credibly defended in the context of investment disputes.Throughout,thisthesisdrawsontherulingsofinvestmenttribunalsandthewritingsof scholarsonhowthisdistinctionhasbeencreatedandsubsequentlydefendedin international investment law. Furthermore it also seeks to grapple with the challenges that appear evident in reconciling the rights of states and investors when dealing with a claim of expropriation.Theintentionindoingsoisto appraisetheacceptedwisdom,andtohighlightthe underpinningrationale soastodemonstratethe fundamentalflawsthathavecreated the current state of affairs in international investment law.
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Indirect and regulatory expropriation in international investment law: a critical review