Urbanites Meet Urban Ants: Ant Species Distributions acrosstheUrban Matrix in Ann Arbor, Michigan

urbanization;urban;ant;Natural Resources and Environment

Jackson, EliotLow, Bobbi ;

University of Michigan

关键词: urbanization;    urban;    ant;    Natural Resources and Environment;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/136565/Jackson_Eliot_L_UrbanitesUrbanants_Ch1-2.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

UrbanEcologyisanincreasinglyimportantfieldaswelooktopreservebiodiversityandecosystemservicesinurbanspaces.Inthisthesis,Ireviewtheliteratureondiversity,abundanceandspeciescompositionofantsinurbanareasandthroughantsurveysexaminequestionsofantspeciesrichnessandcompositionintheurbanlandscape.Thisstudyexaminestheeffectsofvariousurbanmatrixfeaturesatthehabitat,local,andlandscapelevelsonantspeciesrichnessandcommunitycomposition.Isurveyedantrichnessatboththelandscapeandlocalscalesbybaitingandsearchingattwenty-sevenequidistantsiteswithinAnnArborcitylimits(landscapescale),andthirtysiteswithinsixcityblocksnortheastofAnnArbor’surbancore(localscale).Antspeciesrichnessandantspeciescommunitycompositionwerecomparedtolandscapefeatures(siteproximitytorivers,parks,orurbancore),localfeatures(siteproportionofvegetation,streets,orbuildings)andhabitatfeatures(observedsubstrateorstreetdirection).LocalandlandscapefeatureswereidentifiedwithvarioustoolsinARCGeographicInformationSystemsDesktopandhabitatfeaturewereidentifiedonsite.Apositiverelationshipwasfoundbetweencanopycoverandantspeciesrichness.Thecompositionofantspecieswithinasamplesitewasmorehighlyrelatedtolocal habitatfactors(suchasbarkortrash)thanoverallsitecomposition,orproximitytourbanornaturalfeatures.Furthermore,atthelocalscalespeciesrichnesswasassociatedwiththeneareststreetcityblock.Ourdatasuggestthatsmalllocalchanges inthehabitatandblockscaleinurbanlandscapesarelikelytoalterantspeciescommunitycomposition.Specifically,changesinvegetationmayincreasespeciesrichnessofantsandmediatetheinteractionbetweenarborealspeciesandtrampspeciesintheurbanenvironments.