EEG Cortical Neuroimaging during Human Full-Body Movement.

EEG;neuroimaging;Biomedical Engineering;Engineering;Biomedical Engineering

Kline, Julia E.Meehan, Sean ;

University of Michigan

关键词: EEG;    neuroimaging;    Biomedical Engineering;    Engineering;    Biomedical Engineering;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/116622/jekline_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

Studying how the human brain functions during full-body movement can increase our understanding of how to diagnose and treat neurological disorders. High-density electroencephalography (EEG) can record brain activity during body movement due to its portability and excellent time resolution. However, EEG is prone to movement artifact, and traditional EEG methods have poor spatial resolution. Combining EEG with independent component analysis (ICA) and inverse source modeling can improve spatial resolution. In my first study, I used EEG and ICA to investigate the biomechanical and neural interplay of performing a complicated cognitive task at different walking speeds. Young, healthy subjects stepped significantly wider when walking with the cognitive task compared to walking alone, but walking speed did not affect cognitive performance (i.e. reaction time and correct responses). EEG results mirrored cognitive performance, in that there were similar event-related desynchronizations in the somatosensory association cortex around encoding at all speeds. For my second study, I addressed the problem of movement artifact in EEG. I created an interface that blocked true electrocortical signals while recording only movement artifact. I quantified the spectral changes in the movement artifact EEG, tested various methods of removing the artifact, and compared their efficacies. Artifact spectral power varied across individuals, electrode locations, and walking speed. None of the cleaning methods removed all artifact. For my third study, I examined cortical spectral power fluctuations and effective connectivity during active and viewed full-body exercise with different combinations of arm and leg effort. Larger spectral fluctuations occurred in the cortex during rhythmic arm exercise compared to rhythmic leg exercise, which suggests that rhythmic arm movement is more cortically driven. The strength and direction of information flow was very similar between the active and viewed exercise conditions, with the right motor cortex being the hub of information flow. These studies provide insight into how the human brain functions during full-body movement and may have applications for rehabilitation after a brain injury or in brain monitoring for improving cognitive performance.