Schooling and Health: A Life Course Approach.

Social Epidemiology;Education;Health;Intergenerational;Children and Adolescents;Academic Achievement;Pediatrics;Public Health;Education;Population and Demography;Social Sciences (General);Health Sciences;Social Sciences;Epidemiological Science

Le, FeliceLi, Yun ;

University of Michigan

关键词: Social Epidemiology;    Education;    Health;    Intergenerational;    Children and Adolescents;    Academic Achievement;    Pediatrics;    Public Health;    Education;    Population and Demography;    Social Sciences (General);    Health Sciences;    Social Sciences;    Epidemiological Science;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/98058/felicele_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

Health differences between adults with different levels of schooling are among the largest and most wide-ranging of health disparities in the United States. Yet there remains much we do not know about how and when in the course of the lifespan these disparities develop. We used data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and two supplemental studies of young people, the Child Development Supplement (CDS) and Transition into Adulthood study (TA), to examine three processes with origins early in life that may contribute to adult schooling-related disparities. Our approach emphasized how these processes develop over the life course and used analytical methods to address how bidirectional and time-dependent causation may influence observed associations between schooling and health. First, using CDS and TA data spanning 10 years, we examined how health status throughout childhood and adolescence influences educational progress. Second, again using 10 years of CDS and TA data, we examined how academic achievement was associated with health status, body mass index (BMI), and psychological distress 5 years later. Third, using data from the main PSID, we examined influences on the health of adults by their grandparents’ educational attainment. The first study found associations between poorer health status and less completed schooling by the end of follow-up that appeared to accumulate over time and were more evident among children who were older at baseline. The second study found that higher average academic achievement was associated with better health 5 years later among girls but not boys. The third study found that after accounting for parent and participant schooling, there were monotonic inverse associations among Whites between grandparent schooling and poor health status, smoking, and obesity. Estimates among Blacks were similar to those among Whites for smoking but minimal for health status and obesity. The results all support past evidence that schooling and health are mutually beneficial but highlight the complexity and longitudinal nature of processes relating schooling and health. A better understanding of these processes is imperative to developing interventions both to improve educational outcomes among disadvantaged groups and to reduce educational disparities in adult health.