Social Mediation and Social Analysis:The Discourse of Marginality in a Theater of War.

Politics in the Andes;Marginality;Representation;Power;NGOs;Peru;Anthropology and Archaeology;Social Sciences;Anthropology

Koc-Menard, Silvia NathalieJansen, Robert S. ;

University of Michigan

关键词: Politics in the Andes;    Marginality;    Representation;    Power;    NGOs;    Peru;    Anthropology and Archaeology;    Social Sciences;    Anthropology;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/86437/nathiekm_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

This research investigates how, in the aftermath of 20 years of internal war, rural Quechua speakers in the Peruvian Andes are labeled as ;;marginal’ subjects by scholars, government personnel and aid agencies. This category, and the discourse it produces, are widely used and systematically preclude the recognition of rural Quechuas’ voices, projects and expectations. Looking to highlight the economic exclusion of indigenous groups in Peru, scholars have broadly used ;;marginality’ without acknowledging that through this category they are perpetuating the same condition that they aim to denounce. This work approaches social and political mediation enacted by local authorities, NGOs, government agencies, politicians, scholars, and insurrectionary groups produces and reproduces hierarchical relationships of race and power. The analysis is centered in Chapi (in the district of Chungui), an Andean community in the Peruvian region of Ayacucho which was a key theater of war for two major insurrectionary movements, each with its own state project, 25 years apart. This community had been the scene of endemic violence, both physical and symbolic, directed at smallholders and peons by ;;strongman’ landowners (Sp. gamonales). Afterwards, this community became the setting of localized legal and insurrectionary violence against Chunguinos (i.e. the inhabitants of the district capital). Racial ideologies and practices upon which governmental policies are constructed (nurtured in many cases by scholarly and NGO research), continues stratifying Peru in two different groups: the Creoles, associated with modernity and development; and the indigenous group, associated with poverty and backwardness. This ideology is at the core of how the Andes and its inhabitants have often been understood by the Peruvian academia and the state, and results in the continuous legitimization of the urban group domination over the Andes. This work investigates and analyzes the central role that social mediation plays in this process.