African American Public Housing Residents in the HOPE VI Era:Relocation, Social Networks and Health.

Public-housing Demolition and Displacement;Public Health;Social Sciences;Health Behavior & Health Education

Keene, Danya E.Padilla, Mark B. ;

University of Michigan

关键词: Public-housing Demolition and Displacement;    Public Health;    Social Sciences;    Health Behavior & Health Education;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/63742/danyak_2.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

This dissertation is a three paper mixed-methods project that explores the significance of public-housing policy and urban development for the health of low-income African-American communities. Specifically, it seeks to better understand how relocation that has occurred in the context of public-housing demolition and concurrent urban revitalization affects access to social ties and social support for this population.Chapter 2 is a critical literature review of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development’s HOPE VI program.HOPE VI has funded the demolition of public-housing developments across the country and created in their place, mixed-income communities that are often inaccessible to the majority of former tenants. This chapter considers the potential health consequences of HOPE VI for relocated individuals, particularly through the disruption of supportive social networks.Chapter 3 uses the Census Bureau;;s Survey of Income and Program Participation to estimate the relationship between residence in a federally owned public-housing project and reported presence of community-based social support among African Americans who receive rent assistance.This study finds that in comparison to other rent-assisted households, public-housing residents are significantly more likely to report that people in their neighborhood count on each other, watch each other’s children and help each other out. It also finds that measures of community support are associated with reduced odds of school expulsion and grade repetition among children. This study contributes to the literature by quantifying the presence of social support resources in a national sample of public-housing residents and its findings are consistent with concern for social resources that may be disrupted by policies of demolition and dispersal. Through in-depth interviews and participant observation, Chapter 4 examines the experiences of 25 low-income African American women and men who have relocated from Chicago to Johnson County, Iowa.Many of these individuals were displaced by public-housing demolition in Chicago and were looking for safe neighborhoods and affordable housing that were unavailable in the city.Chapter 4 focuses on how this experience of interstate migration affects access to social support, as well as a sense of rootedness that is located in geographically stable social ties.