Predictors of Physical Activity and Substance Use in U.S. Adolescents.

Physical Activity;Substance Use;Adolescent;Nursing;Health Sciences;Nursing

Bigelow, April D.Schulenberg, John E. ;

University of Michigan

关键词: Physical Activity;    Substance Use;    Adolescent;    Nursing;    Health Sciences;    Nursing;   

Others  :  https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/60720/aballard_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: The Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship

【 摘 要 】

ABSTRACTPhysical inactivity and substance use are major concerns in adolescents.Limited research examines the possible link between physical activity (PA) and substance use. These studies explored the relationship of PA to risk and protective factors and health risk and promotion behaviors in adolescents.An Ecological Model guided this research.Data from the Monitoring the Future were analyzed by multiple regression and SEM. Differences by gender, ethnicity, and PA level were examined.The model explained a small amount of the variance in PA (R2=.11).The strongest predictors of PA in both 8th and 10th grades were religious identity (8th Β=.122, 10th B=.096, p<.001) and academic performance (8th Β =.177, 10th Β =.156, p<.001).The model explained more of the variance in tobacco use (R2=.169-.228) and alcohol use (R2=264-.357).Attitude toward alcohol (8th B=-.115, 10th B=-.225), perception of alcohol risk (8th B=-.170, 10th B=-.163), and academic performance (8th B=-.162, 10th B=-.149) were the strongest predictors of alcohol use while academic performance was the strongest predictor of tobacco use (8th B=-.159, 10th B=-.150).PA only statistically moderated the effects of school attachment on tobacco use and television hours on alcohol use (p<.001), however differences were observed between PA groups.The model explained more of the variance in tobacco use (R2=.239-.255) for the sedentary group than the high PA group (R2=.187-.217).The model explained less of the variance in alcohol use in the sedentary group (R2=.258-.313) than the high PA group (R2=.343-.380).PA had a direct negative effect on tobacco use (10th female B=-.115, p<.001) and direct positive effect on alcohol use (10th male B=.096, 10th female B=.133, p<.001).Significant predictors of PA remained the same between 1992, 1999, and 2004.Boys consistently reported more PA than girls and minorities reported less PA than Caucasians.Individual and school variables play a significant role in PA, tobacco use, and alcohol use. The Ecologic Model explained a small to moderate amount of the variance in adolescent behavior.Additional studies are needed to further evaluate the potential use of an Ecological Model to guide nursing practice and interventions aimed at modifying behavior in adolescents.