Bioelectric Sensing and Navigation: Multimodal Control in Electric Fish and Endovascular Device Guidance

multisensory integration;weakly electric fish;locomotion;endovascular catheter;endovascular navigation;Mechanical Engineering

Sutton, Erin ElizabethCowan, Noah J ;

Johns Hopkins University

关键词: multisensory integration;    weakly electric fish;    locomotion;    endovascular catheter;    endovascular navigation;    Mechanical Engineering;   

Others  :  https://jscholarship.library.jhu.edu/bitstream/handle/1774.2/60228/chapter0.tex?sequence=16&isAllowed=y

瑞士|英语

来源: JOHNS HOPKINS DSpace Repository

【 摘 要 】

Biological and engineered systems rely on constant input from multiple sensors. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms for sensory integration and control can inform developments in both fields. Animal nervous systems resolve sensory conflict for the control of movement. For example, the glass knifefish, Eigenmannia virescens, relies on visual and electrosensory feedback as it swims to maintain position within a moving refuge. To study how signals from these two parallel sensory streams are used in refuge tracking, we constructed a novel augmented reality apparatus that enables the independent manipulation of visual and electrosensory cues to freely swimming fish. We evaluated the linearity of multisensory integration, the change to the relative perceptual weights given to vision and electrosense in relation to sensory salience, and the effect of the magnitude of sensory conflict on sensorimotor gain. First, we found that tracking behavior obeys superposition of the sensory inputs, suggesting linear sensorimotor integration. In addition, fish rely more on vision when electrosensory salience is reduced, suggesting that fish dynamically alter sensorimotor gains in a manner consistent with Bayesian integration. However, the magnitude of sensory conflict did not significantly affect sensorimotor gain. These studies lay the theoretical and experimental groundwork for future work investigating multisensory control of locomotion.Minimally invasive treatment of vascular disease demands dynamic navigation through complex blood vessel pathways and accurate placement of an interventional device. These challenging tasks have led to increased reliance on fluoroscopic guidance and commensurate radiation exposure to the patient and staff. Here we introduce a guidance system inspired by electric fish that incorporates measurements from a newly designed electrogenic sensory catheter with preoperative imaging to provide continuous feedback to guide vascular procedures without the need for ionizing radiation, image registration, or external tracking. Electrodes near the catheter tip simultaneously create a weak electric field and measure the impedance, which changes with the internal geometry of the vessel as the catheter advances through the vasculature. The impedance time series is then mapped to a preoperative vessel model to determine the relative position of the catheter within the vessel tree. We present navigation in a synthetic vessel tree and ex vivo biological tissue based on our mapping technique. Experiments in a porcine model demonstrated the sensor;;s ability to detect cross-sectional area variation in vivo. These initial results demonstrate the capability and potential of this novel bioimpedance-based guidance technology as a non-fluoroscopic technique to navigate intravascular devices.